Structrue Of The Earth

Question 1

What does it mean by the earths surface is dynamic

Answer 1

It is constantly moving

Question 2

What is evidence that the plates are moving?

Answer 2

Mountain ranges, ocean ridges and trenches, volcanoes, volcanic islands, earthquakes and tsunamis are clues and evidence that this is happening

Question 3

What are the layers that make up the earth ?

Question 4

What are the two types of plates?

Answer 4

Oceanic and continental

Question 5

What move the plates ?

Answer 5

Convection currents.

Continental drift is the science of studying the movements in the earths crust

Question 6

How and why are the plates moved?

Answer 6

Energy trapped during the ‘big bang’ and nuclear explosions in the core (6000km) down create vast amounts of heat. As this heat tries to escape it ‘boils’ semi molten rocks in the mantle and slowly moves the crust above it.

Question 7

Constructive

Answer 7

Plates move apart e.g Mid Atlantic Ocean ridge (Iceland)

Question 8

Destructive

Answer 8

Plates move together e.g Peru -chile trench subductive zone

Question 9

Collision

Answer 9

2 continental plates ‘crash’ into each other e.g Himalaya mountains

Question 10

Conservative

Answer 10

Plates side alongside each other e.g San Andreas fault, California

Question 11

Active

Answer 11

A volcano that could erupt at any point

Question 12

Dormant

Answer 12

A volcano that is ‘sleeping’ and has not erupt in years

Question 13

Extinct

Answer 13

A volcano that unlikely/ never going to erupt again

Question 14

What are the 2 shapes of volcanoes, their characteristics and examples?

Answer 14

Cone and shield 
Cone - sticky lava, violent eruption 
E.g destructive , mt merapi Indonesia 
Shield- runny lava , gentle eruption 
E.g hawian island (hot spot)

Question 15

Ash

Answer 15

The smoke cloud travels for miles it can produce very fertile soil

Question 16

Acid rain

Answer 16

Sulphur emissions causes acid rain, can poison or kill plant and animal life

Question 17

Pyroclastic flow

Answer 17

Floods of gas, lava and rock rush down volcano after eruption. Hot gases and high speed, lethal to anything in path

Question 18

Lahar

Answer 18

Mudflow dangerous due to energy and speed. Solidifies when stopped

Question 19

Gas

Answer 19

Gas produced when eruption happens, co2, sulphur dioxide. Smell like rotten egg

Question 20

Lava flow

Answer 20

Non explosive eruption, runny lava slowly burns the landscape

Question 21

Where do most volcanoes occur

Answer 21

At constructive and destructive boundaries

Question 22

Constructive volcanoes

Answer 22

These occur where plates move apart. Magma rises form mantle and reaches the surface. It solidifies and forms new crust. This process leads to a volcano. These boundaries are common in the middle of the ocean

Question 23

Destructive volcanoes

Answer 23

These occur where the plates are moving towards each other. One plate is forced beneath and melts to form magma, which can lead to a volcanic eruption. This type of boundary is often found along coastal areas where oceanic and continental plates meet.

Question 24

Who invented the Richter scale and what is it ?

Answer 24

Charles richter

It measures the magnitude of earthquakes

Question 25

What are seismic waves

Answer 25

They shake the ground in 3 dimensions up-down, side-side and back and forth. They spread out from the focus point.
The strongest waves are found closest to the epicentre.

Question 26

Benefits of volcanic activity

Answer 26

Geothermal power heats homes, pools, and is used to melt snow
GTP is used to heat greenhouses to grow veg and flowers in cold dark Iceland
Rocks from volcanoes provide precious gem stones (diamonds) and buildings materials
Tourists visit to see the geothermal wonders the geysers and heated pools form volcanoes

Question 27

What does MEDC stand for

Answer 27

More economically developed countries

Question 28

What does ledc stand for

Answer 28

Less economically developed countries

Question 29

GNP

Answer 29

The total of all money produced per year by a country’s workers

Question 30

GNP per capita

Answer 30

The GNP shared out equally among the people of the country

Question 31

Trade

Answer 31

The volume, value and type of imports and exports

Question 32

Primary employment

Answer 32

The % of people in the country employed in primary occupation

Question 33

Birth rate

Answer 33

The number of births per year per 1000 people

Question 34

Death rate

Answer 34

The number of deaths per year per 1000 people

Question 35

Life expectancy

Answer 35

The average number of years a person can expect to Live

Question 36

Energy per person

Answer 36

The amount of energy which each person in the country uses per year

Question 37

People per doctor

Answer 37

The number of patients divided by the number of doctors

Question 38

Food intake

Answer 38

The number of kilocalories each person in the country eats per day

Question 39

Infant mortality

Answer 39

The number of children per year per 1000 born alive and die before the age of one

Question 40

Literacy rate

Answer 40

The number of adults who can read and write in every 100 people

Question 41

When and where did the Boxing Day tsunami happen

Answer 41

In 2004 26 December
In the Indian Ocean effected Indonesia (Sumatra)
Richter scale 9.3

Question 42

When and where did the Boxing Day tsunami happen

Answer 42

In 2004 26 December
In the Indian Ocean effected Indonesia (Sumatra)
Richter scale 9.3

Question 43

How many effected

Answer 43

200,000 died