Strongest Boy Vocab

Question 0

Biofuel

Answer 0

Fuel derived directly from living matter, such as ethanol

Question 1

Artificial Selection

Answer 1

The selective breeding of domesticated plants or animals to encourage he occurrence of desirable traits

Question 2

Cross-Pollination

Answer 2

Pollination of a flower or plant with pollen from another flower or plant

Question 3

Crossing Over

Answer 3

The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromatids.

Question 4

Cytogenetics

Answer 4

A field of genetics that focuses on the structure and function of chromosomes

Question 5

Endosperm

Answer 5

A mix of carbohydrates and sugars that can nourish a plant embryo until it can support itself by photosynthesis

Question 6

Teosinte

Answer 6

A Mexican grass considered to be one of the parent plants of modern corn.

Question 7

Transgenic

Answer 7

Pertaining to an organism whose genome contains a gene introduced from another organism of a different species

Question 8

Transposition

Answer 8

When a stretch of DNA moves from one site in a cells DNA to a different target site by a type of recombination process

Question 9

Alu Element

Answer 9

A short stretch of repeating DNA. Most abundant transposable element in the human genome.

Question 10

Autosomal Dominant

Answer 10

Used to describe a genetic disorder that only requires one mutated copy from either parent in order to be manifested

Question 11

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)

Answer 11

A malformation or anomaly in the structure of the heart and surrounding vessels present at birth. Usually caused my genetic mutations.

Question 12

Conotruncal Defect

Answer 12

Describes a heart defect that affects the outflow tract

Question 13

Chromosomal Abnormality

Answer 13

An irregular section of chromosomal DNA

Question 14

Deletion

Answer 14

A chromosomal abnormality where a portion of a chromosome is removed from the genome

Question 15

Dosage Effect

Answer 15

An excess of copies of a certain gene will significantly affect the phenotype of an organism if that gene is not regulated elsewhere in the body

Question 16

Duplication

Answer 16

A potion or the chromosome is duplicated and reattached. The duplicate is usually reattached at a separate location

Question 17

Founder Effect

Answer 17

A loss of genetic diversity when a population descends from a small group of colonizing ancestors

Question 18

Inversion

Answer 18

A portion of the chromosome is cut in two places, flipped 180 degrees, and reattached

Question 19

Karyotyping

Answer 19

A visual map of an individual’s chromosomes. The appearance, structure, and number of chromosomes are used to diagnose genetic diseases

Question 20

Long Terminal Repeat (LTR)

Answer 20

Identical sequences of DNA make up a large fraction of the mammalian genome. similar to Alu

Question 21

Pericentric

Answer 21

Used to describe a chromosomal inversion that includes the centromere of the chromosome

Question 22

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 22

A multisymptom heart condition that is characterized by four separate defects:

1. Obstruction of blood flow to lungs
2. Hole in the ventricular septum
3. Faulty position of aorta
4. Enlarged right ventricle