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Physical Diagnosis I Exam One > Strokes > Flashcards

Strokes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the #1 cause of nursing home admissions and #3 cause of death in the U.S.?

A

STROKES

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2
Q

What is the number one risk factor for a stroke?

A

High blood pressure

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3
Q

What are the two types of stroke?

A

Hemorrhagic and ischemic

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4
Q

What specific type of stroke has been associated with cervical manipulative therapy?

A

Vertebral artery ischemia

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5
Q

Is there evidence to support excess risk of vertebral artery stroke associated with chiropractic care compared to primary care?

A

No (roughly the same numbers)

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6
Q

What type of bone formation in the cervical spine can entrap the vertebral artery during head rotation and provoke a stroke (Bow hunter’s stroke)?

A

Ponticulus ponticus

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7
Q

What is the typical age and sex of patients who have experienced a vertebral artery stroke?

A

30-45 year old women

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8
Q

What are the 5 D’s and 3 N’s of the symptoms associated with a vertebral artery stroke?

A 
Dizziness
Diplopia
Difficulty walking
Dysphagia
Dysarthria
Nausea/vomiting
Numbness (unilateral facial)
Nystagmus
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9
Q

What physical exam procedures can be assessed to check for stroke possibility?

A

Bilateral carotid peripheral pulse
Carotid bruit auscultation
Measure bilateral BP

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10
Q

What are tests that limit vertebrobasilar blood flow?

A

Barre-Lieou’s test
VBA maneuver
Deklyn’s test

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11
Q

What is the term for a brief statement, in the patient’s own words, regarding the reason they sought care?

A

Chief complaint/concern

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12
Q

What is the term for the detailed data collected from the clinical interview regarding the patient’s chief complaint?

A

Present problem/illness

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13
Q

What does the acronym “IMIST” stand for in terms of a case history?

A 
Illnesses
Medications
Injuries
Surgeries
Transfusions
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14
Q

What type of interview includes the biographic data, chief complaint, and the presenting problem data?

A

Problem focused history/interview

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15
Q

What type of interview includes IMIST and a review of the body systems related to the presenting problem?

A

Expanded problem focused history/interview

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16
Q

What kind of interview Includes a family history of illnesses and a work schedule/job description?

A

Detailed history/interview

17
Q

What kind of interview includes a survey of all activities of daily living that may complicated the current condition, sexual/travel/military history, and a Review of Systems?

A

Comprehensive history/interview

18
Q

What is an opening question of an initial case history?

A

An open ended question that elicits the reason why the patient is seeking care (example = “What brought you into my office today?”)

19
Q

What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?

A

Sign - objective finding as perceived by an examiner

Symptom - a subjective indication of a disease as perceived by the patient

20
Q

What is the difference between clinical and differential diagnosis?

A

Clinical - based off the case history and physical examination alone
Differential - distinguishing between diseases with similar characteristics by comparing signs/symptoms

21
Q

What are the top two reasons why people seek medical care?

A

1 respiratory complaints

2 musculoskeletal complaints

22
Q

What are the top reasons why people seek chiropractic care?

A

Head, neck, back pains (with or without loss of motion)

23
Q

Why is it more difficult to tell where pain is coming from if it involves deeper organs?

A

Poor localized pain

24
Q

What is the term for the “pins and needles” sensation felt along specific skin demarcations?

A

Paresthesia

25
Q

What is dermatomic pain?

A

Sharp, sometimes shooting pain that is well localized to specific skin demarcations

26
Q

What is the difference between viscerosomatic and somatoviscera painl?

A

Viscerosomatic - damaged internal organ to tissue resulting in reflex dysfunction of a musculoskeletal region
Somatovisceral - neuromusculoskeletal disturbances that disrupt internal organ function

27
Q

What is psychosomatic pain?

A

Emotional conflict being expressed through physical symptoms

28
Q

What type of pain involves a muscle?

A

Cramping, dull, aching

29
Q

What type of pain involves a nerve?

A

Sharp, shooting, burning, lightning-like

30
Q

What type of pain involves bone?

A

Deep, nagging, dull

31
Q

What type of pain involves a bone fracture?

A

Sharp, severe, intolerable

32
Q

What type of pain involves vasculature?

A

Throbbing, diffuse

33
Q

What causes hollow organs to express pain?

A

Distension or irritation of internal linings

Constriction/ischemia

34
Q

What causes solid organs to express pain?

A

Distension or irritation of the surface capsule

Constriction//ischemia

Physical Diagnosis I Exam One (4 decks)

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