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Y3 Medicine for the Elderly > Stroke Rehabilitation > Flashcards

Stroke Rehabilitation Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two types of stroke?

A

haemorrhagic

ischaemic

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2
Q

name three possible causes of haemorrhagic stroke

A

structural abnormality
hypertension
amyloid angiopathy

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3
Q

name three possible causes for ischaemic stroke

A

cardioembolic
small vessel
atheroembolic

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4
Q

how can the type of stroke be determined?

A

brain imaging

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5
Q

how can the size of a stroke be determined?

A

clinical features

imaging

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6
Q

what is the laterality of a stroke?

A

the side of the brain that is affected

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7
Q

what does the oxford classification of stroke provide information about?

A

the size of a stroke

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8
Q

what are the four types of stroke in the oxford classification?

A

total anterior circulation (TACS)
partial anterior circulation (PACS)
posterior circulation (POCS)
lacunar (LACS)

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9
Q

what are the three features of a TACS?

A

hemiplegia
homonymous hemianopia
cortical signs

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10
Q

what is the most severe type of stroke in the oxford classification?

A

TACS

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11
Q

what is the prognosis of TACS?

A

5% alive and independent at one year

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12
Q

what are the diagnostic criteria for PACS?

A

2/3 features present in TACS OR

isolated cortical dysfunction OR

pure motor/sensory signs, less severe than those in LACS

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13
Q

what is the prognosis of PACS?

A

around 55% alive and independent at 1 year

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14
Q

how can POCS present?

A 
cranial nerve palsies
bilateral motor/sensory deficits
conjugate eye movement disorders
isolated homonymous hemianopia
cortical blindness
cerebellar deficits
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15
Q

what is the prognosis of POCS?

A

around 60% alive and independent at one year

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16
Q

what are lacunar infarcts?

A

small infarcts in the deeper parts of the brain and brainstem

e.g. basal ganglia, thalamus, white matter

17
Q

what causes LACS?

A

occlusion of a single deep penetrating artery

18
Q

what parts of the body are affected by LACS?

A

any two of face, arms and legs

19
Q

which type of stroke in the oxford classification has the best prognosis?

A

LACS - over 60% alive and independent at one year

20
Q

what do the last letters of a diagnosis under the oxford classification of stroke mean?

A 
S = syndrome/stroke (type not diagnosed)
I = infarction 
H = haemorrhage
21
Q

what score can be used to predict the risk of stroke in patients with AF?

A

CHADSVASc score

Y3 Medicine for the Elderly (6 decks)

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