Stroke Flashcards
two major types of stroke
hemorrhagic (blody)
ischemic (dry) - MOST
Types of hemorrhagic stroke
intracerebral hemorrhage, SAH
Types of ischemic stroke
large artery atherosclerosis with thromboembolism small vessel dz cardioembolism nonatherosclerotic vasculopathies hypercoaguable states
Risk factors for stroke
age, previous TIA or stroke, Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disroders, drug abuse, oral contraceptives, pregnancy, fibromuscular dysplasia, hypercoaguable states.
Symptoms of stroke
Left hemisphere = aphasia, R side sensory symptoms, R side motor symptoms, R visual field cut
Right hemisphere = L hemineglect, L side sensory symptoms, L side motor symptoms, L visual field cut
Cerebellar= i/l ataxia, vertigo, nystagmus
Brainstem= CN findings with c/l hemisensory or hemimotor symptoms, vertigo
50% of deaths attributed to stroke are d/t
medical complications attibuted to stroke. our job- prevention of medical complications and of recurrent stroke
Two things you should not do in a stroke pt
fix the acute HTN that is common in stroke
give IVfluids with glucose, as hyperglycemia is associated wwith worsse neurologic outcomes.
NIH stroke scale is used to
predict hemorrhagic conversion
eval and tx of acute stroke
ABCs elevate HOB oxygen. vital signs and IV with NS obtain labs: CBC, PT, PTT, Chem profile EKG pt weight treat fever. OBTAIN HISTORY get CT
in what general type of stroke do you use tPA (thrombolytic therapy)
ischemic NOT hemorrhagic
generally the risk of bleeding is greater than the risk of recurrent embolism
Clinical situations in which warfarin and anticoagulation is generally indicated
atrial fibrillation
prosthetic valve,
MI
what will you see on a CT after a stroke
at first, nothing, ti takes some time
then you will see HYPODensity in the area associated w/ stroke (a few days later)
Things that can mimic/ be confused with stroke
hyper/hypglycemia, hepatic abnormality, migraine
