STROKE Flashcards
stroke vs TIA
stroke sx last more than 24 hours, TIA can lead to stroke within 6 months
2 main types of stroke
ischemic
hemmoragic
most common vessel with stroke
MCA
most strokes (80%) are ____
ischemic
with ischemic stroke, pt typically had some form of ___ disease
CV
3 causes of ischemic stroke
embolus
thrombus
hypotension
what is embolus
plaque, blood, or other matter in stagnent blood
thrombus is
a blood clot
small, ischemic strokes that are very DEEP in WHITE matter
lacunar stroke
sx of lacunar strokes
either sensory or motor, not usually both
what is a serious injury/issue that can lead to an ischemic stroke
internal bleeding can lead to hypotension which can lead to ischemic stroke
2 types hemmorhagic stroke
intracerebral, sub arachnoid
hemmoraghic strokes are caused by ___ or ___
aneurysms or AV malformations
thrombus is usually where
plaque in the carotid arteries
carotid arteries form the ___ circ
anterior circulation (MCA)
post circ arteries are
cerebral and basilar
dilation in a BV that can burst
aneurysm
where do aneurysms occur
bifrications of BV
AVM
arterial venous malformation (mass of cappilaries)
the 2 vert arteries form the ___ A
basilar
the ACA supplies the
medial and front side of the cortex
TPA only works for __ stroke
ischemic (within 3 hours)
angiogram is good for what conditions
anuerysm and AVN
US is good for detecting
plaque in car A
LOC is sx of what type of stroke
intracerebral hemorrhagic
H/A, N/V, and decrease LOC is sx of what type of stroke
SA hemorrhagic
with INR, if INR is low their chance of clotting is ___
high
what can mimic a stroke
low BS
ACA/MCA strokes are often from plaque forming in the
carotid arteries
best choice for hemorrhagic stroke (imaging)
CT
many small strokes deep in the white matter. usually only with the elderly. gray matter shrinks
multi infarct dementia
best imaging choice for ischemic stroke
MRI
why isn’t CT a good choice for ischemic stroke
they take days to show effects
thrombolysis
break down of a clot with tPA (tissue plasminogen activator)
components of the ICF
body structure and function (body part and deficit of body part)
activity (movement of body part needed for activity)
participation (the actual event they participate in - hobbies - job)
what does Ca+ do during a stroke
initial arrest infarct release of NT altered metabolism Ca increase which leads to edema which increases pressure which increases free radicals
penundra
area around stroke
where/what is most effected with ACA stroke
contralateral hemiparesis with sensory loss
LE most effected
behavior and personality most effected
what is most effected with MCA stroke
contralateral hemiparesis
UE most effected
speech/language effected
if I were to say right hemipareses, what is that considered
L sided stroke (meaning right side body issues)
left hemiparesis means
left sided body issues (stroke occured on right side of brain)
MASSIVE infarct of MCA (maybe ACA) that causes edema with herniation, coma or death
internal carotid artery syndrome
PCA syndrome
minimal deficit usually sx depend on location
sx include: sensory loss, thalmic px, homonomous heminopsia, agnosia
Lacuna strokes are often assct. with
HTN
what is locked in syndrome
vertebrobasilar stroke that only eyes work/move
agnosia means
inability to recognize/identify items
thalmic px is associated with
PCA Stroke
what often is the cause or precursor to an embolus
atrial fib that causes stagnant blood
locked in syndrome is due to a stroke of the
vertebral basilar artery
