Stroke Flashcards
What is ischemic stroke?
The blocking of blood vessels in the brain
What is hemorrhagic stroke?
Ruptured blood vessels, bleeding into the brain
What determines the effects of a stroke?
The size of the affected vessel and the size of the damaged area
What is atherosclerosis?
Accumulation of waste creating a plaque in the blood vessel
What are the risk factors for ischemic stroke?
High blood pressure
Tobacco use and smoking
Diabetes
High cholesterol
Heavy alcohol use
Cocain abuse
Family history of stroke
Increasing age
What general physiological concept is important for explaining ischemic stroke?
Cerebral blood flow
What the the ischemic penumbra?
The area of the brain that is affected by the loss of oxygen and glucose. This will increase over time.
What is reperfusion?
The mechanical removal of blood clots
What are the risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage?
High blood pressure
Weak artery walls
Abnormal connections between arteries and veins
Cancer that spreads to the brain
Conditions or medications that increase chance of bleeding
Cocaine use
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
What is the primary and secondary brain damage from intracerebral hemorrhage?
Primary:
- Disruptions
- Compression
- Hernation
Secondary:
- Inflammation
- Oedema
- Haematoma lysis
- Cell injury
What are the most common complications related to intracerebral hemorrhage?
Seizures, hydrocephalus, and ICU related infections
