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stroke Flashcards

1
Q

what a brain attack

A

a brain attack is another term used for strokw

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2
Q

what is aphasia/dyphasia

A

this is a speech problem due to damage from the cerebral cortex

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3
Q

embolic stroke

A

stoke that occurs when an embolus lodges itself occulding a cerebral artery

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4
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

stroke that results from bleeding intp brain tissues

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5
Q

intracerebral hemorrhage

A

when bleeding occurs within the brain caused by a rupture of a blood vessel

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6
Q

ischemic stroke

A

stroke that occurs due to lack of blood flow

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7
Q

when do death of brain cells occur when there is ischemia or hemorrhage into the brain

A

stroke

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8
Q

thrombotic stroke

A

a stroke that occurs from thrombosis or narrowing of a blood vessel

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9
Q

age, gender, ethnicity, race, family history, heredity, low birtth weight

A

are non-modifiable risk factors

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10
Q

what increases with age and doubles each decade after 55 years

A

stroke

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11
Q

what gender is stroke more common in

A

men

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12
Q

your patient is a male, 65 years old, and a smoker, what is he at risk for

A

stroke

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13
Q

what is the third most common cause of death in canada

A

stroke

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14
Q

what stroke is cause by a ruptured vessel

A

intracerebral

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15
Q

what stroke occurs when there is intracranial bleeding into the CSF

A

subarachinoid

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16
Q

what stroke symptoms are the same

A

ischemic and hemorrhagic symptoms

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17
Q

akinesia

A

loss of voluntary movement

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18
Q

hyporeflexia

A

depressed reflexes

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19
Q

dysphasia is what

A

inability to communicate

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20
Q

what kind of aphasia is expressed in difficulty expressing thooughs an words

A

expression

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21
Q

what kind of aphasia - difficulty understanding written language

A

repressive

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22
Q

what kind of aphasia is the least severe form

A

anomic, person will have problems wit naming things

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23
Q

what is global aphasia characterized by

A

loss of all expressive and repeptive function

24
Q

what does left sided stroke affect

A

memory rt language

25
Q

right side stroke intellectual

A

affects people to be more impulsive and move quick

26
Q

agonisa

A

this is the inability to recognixe object by sight, touch, or hearing

27
Q

apraxia

A

inability to carry out learned sequential movements by command

28
Q

what elimination problems may a patient have

A

difficulty with frequency, urgency, and incontinence

29
Q

what is the most important test for stroke

A

MRI

30
Q

what are mris used for

A

they are used to determine the extent of the brain iinjurty and are good for detecting lesions

31
Q

they are used to determine the extent of the brain iinjurty and are good for detecting lesions

A

mri

32
Q

why do we want to prevent hypoxia and hypercarbia

A

to prevent secondary neuronal ijury

33
Q

what always increasee a stroke

A

blood pressure

34
Q

what must always be administered after a stroke

A

antihypertension drugs

35
Q

what balances must be controlled

A

fluid and electrolyte

36
Q

why must fluid and electrolyte balances be moniotred

A

bc over hydration may compromise perfusion increasing cerebral edema

37
Q

what other healthcare members can we include in the rehabilitation phase

A

occupational therapy and physical therapy, speech

38
Q

) the patient’s rehabilitation potential
2) physical status of all body systems
3) complications caused by the stroke or other chronic conditions
4) the patient’s cognitive status
5) family resources and support
6) expectations of the patient and caregiver related to the rehabilitation program.
whos role is this

A

the rehabilitation nurses role

39
Q

why is risk for aspiration pneumonia

A

bc of dyphasgia and impaired consciousness

40
Q

what can occur because of impaired consciousness or dysphagia

A

airway obstruction

41
Q

all stroke patient should be screened for what

A

ability to swallow

42
Q

what are some nursing interventions for respiratory system

A

frequently assessing airway patency and function
providing oxygenation, sunctioning, promoting patient mobility, positioning the patient to prevent aspriation, encouraging deep breathing

43
Q

assessing airway patency and function, providing oxygenation, suctioning, promoting patient mobility, positioning the patient to prevent aspiration, and encouraging deep breathing

A

nursing interventions for the respiratory system

44
Q

primary clinical assessment took to avaluate and document neurological status in acute stroke patients

A

NIHSS

45
Q

additional neurological assessment

A

pupils, mental status, extremity movement

46
Q

nursing goals for the CV system are aimed at what?

A

maintaining homeostasis

47
Q

nursing interventions for the cardiovasuclar system

A

monitor the vital signs frequently, cardiac rhythms, calculating intake and output, regulating IV fluids, monitoring lungs for crackles

48
Q

monitor the vital signs frequently, cardiac rhythms, calculating intake and output, regulating IV fluids, monitoring lungs for crackles

A

nursing interventions for the cardiovasuclar system

49
Q

nursing assessment for VTE

A

measuring calf and thigh daily, observing swelling of the lower extremeties, noting unusual warmth of the leg

50
Q

what is a vte

A

venous thromboembolism

51
Q

what is the nursing goal for the msk system

A

is to maintain optimal function by preventing joint contractures and atrophy

52
Q

important nursing interventions in the acute phase of stroke

A

ROM exercises and positioning

53
Q

1) trochanter roll at the hip to prevent external rotation
2) hand cones (not rolled washcloths) to prevent hand contractures
3) arm supports with slings and lap boards to prevent shoulder displacement
4) avoidance of pulling the patient by the arm to avoid shoulder displacement
5) posterior leg splints, footboards, or high-top tennis shoes to prevent foot-drop
6) hand splints to reduce spasticity.

A

These are nursing interventions for msk

54
Q

most common bowel problem

A

constipation

55
Q

a patient with a stroke on the right side of the brain will present with what deficits

A

juding potion, distance and rate of movement

56
Q

whta patients are often impulsive and impatient and tend to deny problems rt strokes

A

right sided

57
Q

what are patients with right sided stroke at more risk for

A

mobility issues

pbl (3 decks)

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