striking Germany and italy Flashcards
Casablanca Conference
The Casablanca Conference was a meeting between Allied leaders in Casablanca, Morocco in 1943. The conference was held to plan the next steps in World War II against the Axis powers.
What happened at the conference?
The conference finalized Allied plans for the war in Europe and the Pacific
The conference established the policy of “unconditional surrender”
The conference discussed opening a second front in France
The conference discussed antisubmarine warfare to counter the German U-boat threat
The conference resulted in plans for offensive operations against Japan
Who attended the conference? President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, French generals Charles de Gaulle and Henri Giraud, and The Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS).
strategic bombing
decided to bomb Germany during Casablanca conference. The UK had already been bombing Germany. 53000 tons dropped on Germany every month. caused Germany oils shortage and destroyed railroads and aircraft factories.
impact on germany
The Allied bombings of Germany during World War II had a devastating impact, destroying millions of homes, displacing millions of people, causing significant civilian casualties, and severely damaging German infrastructure and industrial capacity, although the impact on German morale was complex and not as decisive as initially hoped by the Allies; Nazi propaganda often downplayed the destruction to maintain public support for the war effort.
Striking the Soft Underbelly (Italy)
Idea of invading Sicily. captured western half of sicily, the Germans evacuated. Mussolini was arrested and italy began to surrender to the allies. After the surrender the Germans seized north Italy and Rome, putting Mussolini in power.alllies at Anzio and took 5 months to break German lines. Allies capture Rome .
Sicily
Sicily was the site of the Allied invasion of Sicily, also known as Operation Husky, during World War II. The invasion took place from July 9–August 17, 1943.
Impact on Italy
During WWII, Italy suffered notable costs in human and economic terms. The national production system and transport infrastructures were seriously damaged; GDP per capita and household consumption collapsed, returning to pre-war levels around 1950.
The Tehran Conference
The Tehran Conference was a meeting between the leaders of the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union during World War II. The conference took place in Tehran, Iran from November 28 to December 1, 1943.
meet before Invasion of France. Stalin wanted a full scale offensive attack against Germany. Plan was to divide Germany for post war peace. When Germany was defeated Stalin would help US defeat Japan.
Operation Overlord and Eisenhower
Operation Overlord refers to the Allied invasion of Normandy during World War II, and General Dwight D. Eisenhower was the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces, meaning he was directly responsible for leading and overseeing the entire operation, including the D-Day landings on June 6, 1944; essentially, Eisenhower is synonymous with the success of Operation Overlord.
Hitler fortified the coast along the English channel. Nazis believed allies would land in pas-de-calais - dummy decoys. target at 5 beaches along the Normandy coast. 1.5 million soliders sent to England.invasion must be at night, good weather, moonlight, low tide. DDay
The longest day
7000 ships with 100k soliders and 23k paratroopers dropped. at dawn, allied warships barrage.beaches codenames, Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, Juno. Omaha was the worst.
Two-pronged strategy
the Allied plan in the Pacific theater to simultaneously attack Japan from two directions: a southwest Pacific campaign led by General MacArthur and a central Pacific campaign commanded by Admiral Nimitz, effectively “pinching” the Japanese forces between two advancing fronts and isolating them on various islands while gradually moving closer to the Japanese mainland.
MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur was an American general who served as a top commander during World War II and the Korean War, achieving the rank of General of the Army
Nimitz
Chester William Nimitz was a fleet admiral in the United States Navy. He played a major role in the naval history of World War II as Commander in Chief, US Pacific Fleet, and Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas, commanding Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War
Guadalcanal
The Battle of Guadalcanal was a World War II campaign that took place in the Solomon Islands. It was the first Allied land offensive in the Pacific theater. The campaign lasted from August 1942 to February 1943.
Island Hopping
the military strategy used by the Allied forces in the Pacific theater, where they strategically bypassed heavily fortified Japanese islands and instead captured less defended islands to establish bases, gradually moving closer to the Japanese mainland.
Tarawa
The Battle of Tarawa was fought on 20–23 November 1943 between the United States and Japan on Tarawa Atoll in the Gilbert Islands, and was part of Operation Galvanic, the U.S. invasion of the Gilberts.They planned to advance to the Philippines and to oust the Japanese army from the islands. But Japan occupied countless islands in the Pacific and was very difficult to beat. toughest battle in marine corps history - Far from the easy mark it was thought to be, tiny Tarawa atoll saw 5,500 deaths—more than 1,000 American—in 76 hours of fierce fighting.
Navajo Code Talkers
Navajo Code Talkers were a group of Navajo men who used their native language to transmit messages for the U.S. Marines during World War II. The code they created was unbreakable and was a vital part of the Allied victory in the Pacific theater.
The code talkers used word association to assign Navajo words to military tactics and key phrases.
amphtrac
An amphtrac, or amphibious tractor, is a flat-bottomed military vehicle that can move on water and land. Amphtracs were used by the US military during World War II and the Korean War.
kamikaze
Kamikaze refers to a Japanese military unit in World War II that performed suicide attacks on Allied ships. The word “kamikaze” means “divine wind” or “heavenly wind”.
