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Ther Ex > Stretching > Flashcards

Stretching Flashcards

1
Q

Ability to move through an unrestricted, painfree ROM

A

Flexibility

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2
Q

3 subunits of flexibility

A

Extensibility
Arthrokin
Deformation

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3
Q

Any therapeutic maneuver used to lengthen ST structures and inc ROM

A

Stretching

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4
Q

4 fibers of soft tissue

A

Collagen
Elastin
Reticulin
Ground substance

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5
Q

Reticulin’s soft tissue role

A

Provides bulk

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6
Q

Ground substance’s soft tissue role

A

Reduces friction between fibers

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7
Q

Describe elasticity and plasticity

A

E: ability to return to resting length
P: ability to assume a new and greater length

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8
Q

What is the primary source of resistance to passive elongation of muscle?

A

The non-contractile components (fascia)

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9
Q

What is a muscle’s mechanical response to stress?

A

Lengthening in the elastic component –> released and sarcomeres return to resting length

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10
Q

Where is the GTO located?

A

At muscle-tendon junction

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11
Q

Neuro response to quick stretch:

Muscle spindle triggers a ____________________

A

Monosynaptic stretch reflex

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12
Q

Two results of quick stretch

A
  1. Stimulation of alpha motor neurons

2. Contraction of extrafusal muscle fibers

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13
Q

Neuro response to slow stretch

A

GTO fires and inhibits alpha motor neurons

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14
Q

2 responses to slow stretch

A

Tension decreases

Sarcomeres and muscle lengthen

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15
Q

3 mechanical properties of non-contractile tissue

A
  1. Material strength
  2. Stress
  3. Strain
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16
Q

Ability to resist load or stress

A

Material strength

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17
Q

Force/unit area - internal reaction or resistance to external load

A

Stress

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18
Q

Amount of deformation that occurs when a load is applied

A

Strain

19
Q

5 factors that affect stress-strain response

A
  1. Immobilization
  2. Age
  3. Corticosteroids
  4. Prior injury
  5. Other conditions
20
Q

Weakening of tissue has what effect on collagen?

A

Collagen turnover - weak bonding

21
Q

Adhesion formation causes

A

Greater crosslinking and diminished effectiveness of ground substance

22
Q

3 things that dec with age

A
  1. Max tensile strength
  2. Elastin
  3. Rate of adaptation to stress
23
Q

Lower intensity stretch =

A

Longer CT can be held in lengthened position

24
Q

Time for stretch to demonstrate improvement in flexibility

A

30 sec

25
Q

How many times a week does stretching NEED to occur?

A

2

26
Q

How can permanent stretch gains be acheived?

A

Maintaining program or using ROM in functional activities

27
Q

Stretching should be preceded by……

A

Low intensity exss or therapeutic heat

28
Q

4 factors to be controlled in passive stretching

A

Direction
Intensity
Duration
Speed

29
Q

LLPS

A

Low load prolonged stretch

30
Q

Duration for LLPS

A

At least 20 min

31
Q

Amount of force needed for LLPS

A

10-15 lbs or 5-10% BW

32
Q

Ballistic stretching has a high potential for…

A

Rupturing weak structures, microtrauma

33
Q

Define cyclic(intermittent) stretching

A

Short-duration stretch applied slowly and gradually, released and reapplied for 5-10 sec

34
Q

PNF

A

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

35
Q

4 PNF techniques

A
  1. Hold relax
  2. Contract relax
  3. Agonist contraction
  4. Hold relax-agonist contraction
36
Q

Explain hold relax (HR) PNF

A

End-range isometric contraction of muscle

37
Q

Hypothesis of HR:

Contraction will cause muscle to relax thru….

A

Autogenic inhibition

38
Q

Contract relax

A

End-range isotonic contraction of muscle

39
Q

HR and CR are tolerated well, however what does the literature say about “reflexive relaxation”?

A

Inconsistently supported

40
Q

Agonist contraction

A

Isotonic contraction of the muscle opposite the tight muscle against resistance

41
Q

Hypothesis of AC:

______________ of the tight muscle

A

Reciprocal inhibition

42
Q

When is agonist contraction most and least effective?

A

Most: tight muscle is painful
Least: pt has close to normal ROM

43
Q

HR-AC

A

Isometric contraction of tight muscle, followed by concentric contraction of muscle opposite the tight muscle

Ther Ex (3 decks)

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