STRESS, FAULTS, AND FOLDS

Question 1

is the bending, tilting, and breaking of the Earth’s crust. Plate tectonics is the major cause of crustal deformation.

Answer 1

Deformation

Question 2

Thicker and heavier crust sink deeper into the mantle where thinner and lighter crust will rise higher on the mantle.

Question 3

Isostasy is the rising or settling of a portion of the Earth’s lithosphere that occurs when weight is removed or added in order to maintain equilibrium between buoyancy forces that push the lithosphere upward and gravity forces that pull the lithosphere downward.
Equal stand still

Answer 3

Isostasy

Question 4

The up and down movement of the crust to reach isostasy. During this adjustment the rocks in the crust are bent causing deformation.

Answer 4

Isostatic adjustment

Question 5

There are 3 basic kinds of stress that the isostatic adjustment causes

Answer 5

Compression, Tension, Shearing

Question 6

occurs when crustal rocks are squeezed together.

Answer 6

Compression

Question 7

occurs when crustal rocks are squeezed together.

Answer 7

Compression

Question 8

the force that pulls rocks apart. Here rocks tend to become thinner.

Answer 8

Tension

Question 9

pushes rocks in opposite directions. rocks bend, twist and break.

Answer 9

Shearing

Question 10

The result of stress are

Answer 10

Folding and faulting.

Question 11

When a rock has stress put on it and does not break it is called. appear as wave-like structures in rock layers. Some are small and can be seen in individual rocks and some folds are huge and can only be seen from the air.

Answer 11

Folding

Question 12

The 3 general types of folds

Answer 12

Anticlines
Synclines
Monocline

Question 13

Rocks don’t always bend, sometimes they break. When the rock moves and breaks it is called

Answer 13

Fault

Question 14

The side that is above the fault plane is called the

Answer 14

Hanging wall

Question 15

When the hanging wall moves down it is called. occur in places where there is tension or the rocks are being pulled apart.

Answer 15

Normal fault

Question 16

When the hanging wall moves up it is called. are caused by compressional forces.

Answer 16

Reverse fault

Question 17

A low angle reverse fault is called a because one side is being thrust onto the other.

Answer 17

Thrust fault

Question 18

faults slide horizontally past one another.

Answer 18

Strike-slip fault

Question 19

If you are looking across to the other side of a strike-slip fault and that side moves to the left of you it is called a left lateral strike-slip fault. Strike-slip faults occur in and around transform plate boundaries like where we live near the San Andreas fault. This is also where shearing takes place.