Stress

Question 1

What are the body’s 2 messenger systems?

Answer 1

Nervous system (Sam) and encocrine system (hpa)

Question 2

What is the nervous system for/what does it do?

Answer 2

Travels through neurons or nerve cells, reacts to acute stress, about releasing energy

Question 3

What is the endocrine system for/what does it do?

Answer 3

Hormones travel through the blood, responds to chronic stress, about making energy last

Question 4

What does SAM stand for?

Answer 4

Sympatho-adrenal medullary system

Question 5

What does HPA stand for?

Answer 5

Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal

Question 6

Define stress

Answer 6

Stress is a state of physiological or psychological strain caused by adverse stimuli that tend to disturb the functioning of an organism

Question 7

What is a stressor

Answer 7

Something in the environment that produces a stress response in a person

Question 8

What are the 4 stages in SAM? (Fight or flight)

Answer 8

1. Hypothalamus activates the ANS. 2. SNS is aroused by this
2. Nerves from SNS activate adrenal glands
3. Adrenal medulla releases adrenaline

Question 9

What does ANS stand for?

Answer 9

Autonomic nervous system

Question 10

What does SNS stand for?

Answer 10

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 11

What are the 4 stages to HPA? (Endocrine system)

Answer 11

1. Hypothalamus releases CRF.
2. CRF is detected by pituitary gland, stimulating it to release ACTH.
3. Once ACTH is detected by the adrenal glands - adrenal cortex is activated
4. Corticosteroids are released

Question 12

What does CRF stand for?

Answer 12

Corticotropin releasing factor

Question 13

What does ACTH stand for?

Answer 13

Adreno-cortico-trophic hormone

Question 14

Name 3 things that happen after SAM

Answer 14

Increased energy, alertness, increased blood flow to muscles, increased heart rate and blood pressure, decreased activity in the digestive system, increased respiration rate

Question 15

Name 3 things that happen after HPA

Answer 15

Conservation of water and salt in the body, ensures faster blood clotting, causes the liver to release glucose, fatty acids and cholesterol for extra energy

Question 16

What are the 2 types of lymphocyte?

Answer 16

Type T (thymus gland) and type B (bone marrow)

Question 17

What does immunosuppression mean?

Answer 17

A reduction on the effectiveness of the immune system

Question 18

What makes up the immune system?

Answer 18

White blood cells and leukocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes)