Stress

Question 0

Sympothomedullary pathway

Answer 0

Short term
Stimulus causes shock
Hypothalamus triggers sympathetic branch
Adrenal medulla stimulated
Releases adrenaline and noradrenaline
Inc heart rate/ red digestion 
Fight or flight response

Question 1

Stress

Answer 1

State of physiological arousal to stressor
Or
Psychological tension between perceived demands and ability to cope

Question 2

Pituitary adrenal system

Answer 2

Long term 
Hypo released CRH
CRH stimulates anterior pituitary gland
Releases ACTH
ACTH stimulates adrenal cortex
Cortex releases corticosteroids 
Fat and protein converted into energy

Question 3

GAS

Answer 3

General
Adaptation
Syndrome

Question 4

Alarm reaction stage

Answer 4

1- shock: blood press drops- faint

2-counter shock- adrenaline

Question 5

Resistance stage

Answer 5

Long term
Hormones released to cope
Normal externally

Question 6

Exhaustion stage

Answer 6

Body runs low on energy
Unable to cope
Alarm signs occur
Become ill- impaired immune system

Question 7

Brady’s monkeys

Answer 7

Pairs
Both given electric shock 
One could prevent shocks- button
Exec monkeys- more likely to become ill- stress of preventing 
Impaired immune system
Ethical issues 
Can't generalise

Question 8

Wound healing

Answer 8

13 non carers 
13 carers of family that's ill
All given small cut 
Take pictures everyday of healing 
9 days longer- carers 
Reliable- supporting evidence (civil servants)

Question 9

Civil servants

Answer 9

7000
Rate job on pay, control
Those with lower control- more ill
Correlation
Questionnaire

Question 10

Sawmill workers

Answer 10

Cleaners- a lot of control
Mill workers- isolated, controlled
Developed more stress hormones in urine
High ecological validity- nat exp

Question 11

Navy- SRRS

Answer 11

2500 navy men
Filled questionnaire before tour
Those with higher LCU more ill
All in same individual diff removed 
Androcentric- only men
Cannot generalise  
Correlation- no cause and effect

Question 12

SRRS issues

Answer 12

Does not separate positive and negative life events
No consideration on daily hassles
Weak correlation

Question 13

Type A personality

Answer 13

Competitive
Aggressive
Hostile
More likely to be stressed

Question 14

Type B

Answer 14

Non aggressive
Relaxed
Non hostile

Question 15

Type X

Answer 15

Mix of both A and B

Question 16

Hardy personality

Answer 16

Controlled 
Committed 
See life as a challenge 
Least likely to be stressed 
High internal locus of control

Question 17

Personality and illness study

Answer 17

3000 ps 40-60 yo
Personality assessed- Q's and observ
Non had CHD
8ys later, 200 developed CHD
70% were type A
Weight, smoking taken into account 
Too simplistic- 3 types

Question 18

Gender- biology explanation

Answer 18

Men- higher fight or flight than women- hunger gatherers- protect family
Females release hormone in stress that allows them seek support

Question 19

Gender- social

Answer 19

Western view- men less able to talk about feelings
May drink or smoke to cope
CHD inc in women- more acceptable to smoke and drink

Question 20

Gender- cognitive

Answer 20

Women better able to control anger
Men feel aggression is right response
Feel stress if can’t show anger

Question 21

Culture- stress

Answer 21

Can effect way we think
ie- low socioeconomic-
More likely to be stressed- prejudice and poorer living conditions