stress Flashcards
mechanics of materials
branch of mechanics that studies the effects of a solid body that is subjected to external loading.
Surface Forces
caused by the direct contact of one body with surface of another. In all cases the forces are distributed over the area of contact between bodies.
Concentrated Forces
surface force that is idealized force that is applied to a single point on the body.
linear distributed load
load that is measured as having an intensity of force/length along a strip. Graphically represented as a series of force arrows along a line.
Resultant force of a linear distributed load
is equivalent to the area under the distributes loading curve, whose resultant acts through the centroid or the geometrical center of this area.
Body Force
is developed when one body exerts force on another body without direct physical contact. Ex: gravity, electromagnetic field
Reactions
The surface forces that develop at the supports or points of contact or between bodies.
Normal Force, N
the force that acts perpendicular to the area
Shear Force, V
lies on the plane of the area and is developed when the external loads tend to push or pull on the two segments of the body to slide over one another.
Torsional Moment, Torque, T
occurs when external loads tend to twist one segment of the body with respect to another about an axis perpendicular to the area.
Continuous material
uniform distribution of matter having no voids
Cohesive material
all the portions of the material are connected together, without having breaks, cracks or separations.
tensile stress
positive normal stress, pulling
compressive stress
negative normal stress
Prismatic
all the cross sections are the shame shape throughout a solids length
isotropic material
a material that has the same properties in all directions ex: steel [not at crystalline structure size]
anisotropic
a material that doesn’t have the same properties in all directions ex: wood
Average shear stress
shear/ area, assumed to be the same at each point located on a section.
