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Parker CV micro > Streptococci > Flashcards

Streptococci Flashcards

1
Q

3 streps in this lecture?

A

pyogenes, agalactiae, pneumoniae

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2
Q

Is strep an aerobe, anaerobe, or facultative anerobe?

A

Facultative anerobe

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3
Q

How does alpha hemolysis look on blood agar plate?

A

Green

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4
Q

How does beta hemolysis look on blood agar plate?

A

clear

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5
Q

How does gamma hemolysis look on blood agar plate?

A

Almost like there’s no hemolysis

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6
Q

Strep pyogenes is in what Lancefield group?

A

Group A strep (GAS) and beta hemolytic

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7
Q

Strep agalactiae is in what group?

A

Group B strep (GBS) and also beta hemolytic

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8
Q

Strep pneumoniae and strep viridans are in what group?

A

Untypable using this system, alpha hemolytic

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9
Q

Catalase/coagulase tests for strep are?

A

Negative/negative

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10
Q

What are Lancefield antigens?

A

Characterize Strep on the basis of reaction of antibodies to species specific antigens (serology)

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11
Q

Group A strep has what kind of capsule?

A

Hyaluronic acid capsule

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12
Q

What protien is a group A strep virulence factor and can lead to rheumatic heart disease from molecular mimicry?

A

M protein

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13
Q

This Group A strep virulence factor is an adhesin and also a PAMP

A

Lipotechoic acid (LTA)

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14
Q

What virulence factor is strep’s superantigen?

A

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SpeA)

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15
Q

Very common strep infection that occurs in the throats of children

A

Pharyngitis (strep throat)

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16
Q

How do you treat pharyngitis?

A

Give penicillin to prevent development of ARF

17
Q

What can follow a pharyngeal infection with group A beta hemolytic strep?

A

Acute rheumatic fever

18
Q

This disease became almost obliterated when docs started washing their hands inbetween delivering babies

A

Endometritis

19
Q

This strep infection is a pyoderma (purulent skin infection) that is common in children

A

GAS impetigo

20
Q

Deeper impetigo with ulceration is known as

A

Ecthyma

21
Q

This streptococcal cellulitis is characterized by erythema and edema with rapidly advancing, well demarcated edges

A

Erysipelas

22
Q

This strep infection is an acute inflammatory condition of the skin that is deeper than impetigo or erysipelas.

A

Cellulitis

23
Q

Signs of cellulitis?

A

Localized pain, erythema, swelling, and heat

24
Q

This streptococcal induced infection is rapidly spreading and very fatal. It is characterized by EXTREME PAIN OUT OF PROPORTION TO THE APPEARANCE OF THE LESION

A

Necrotizing fasciitis

25
Q

How fast can necrosis spread with necrotizing fasciitis?

A

1 inch per hour

26
Q

ARF usually develops after

A

Pharyngitis

27
Q

Guidelines for diagnosis of ARF (acute rheumatic fever) are?

A

Jones criteria

28
Q

Treatment of strep pyrogenes?

A

Penicillin

29
Q

Invasive infections by strep pyogenes require what 4 things?

A
  1. you must monitor CO and BP
  2. IV infusion for hypotension
  3. Renal failure may call for dialysis
  4. IV Ig
30
Q

Test for Strep agalactiae (GBS)?

A

CAMP test

31
Q

Bigtime GBS virulence factor?

A

Capsule, capsule, capsule

32
Q

Viridans strep is alpha or beta hemolytic?

A

alpha

33
Q

Where on your body is viridans strep?

A

oral cavity

34
Q

How do you distinguish strep viridans from pneumococci?

A

Viridans is resistant to optochin

35
Q

Endocarditis of damaged heart valves usually occurs from?

A

viridans strep.. after a dental procedure, you get bacteremia

36
Q

These organisms are commensals of the GI tract

A

Enterococcus

37
Q

Leading cause of nosocomial infection

A

Enterococcus

38
Q

Why are enterococci a big problem?

A

They are very proficient at taking up DNA and passing it to other species. Enterococci is probably the reason that S. aureus can be vancomycin resistant

Parker CV micro (2 decks)

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