streching

Question 1

conditions that cause adaptive shortening

Answer 1

prolonged immobilization
restricted mobility
connective tissue or neuromuscular disease
tissue patholgy due to trauma
congenital and acquired bony deformitites

Question 2

prolonged immobilization

Answer 2

cast or splint, confinement to wheelchair

Question 3

neuromuscular disease or trauma

Answer 3

paralysis,spasticity, muscle imbalance and pain

Question 4

connective tissue disease

Answer 4

RA,/ OA arthriritis

Question 5

trauma

Answer 5

inflammation, edema, lacerations and burns

Question 6

pain inhibits

Answer 6

function

Question 7

flexibility

Answer 7

ability to move a segment through pain free unrestricted normal motion

Question 8

dynamic flexibility

Answer 8

active range of motion of a joint

- the degree a joint can move by muscle contraction

Question 9

stretching

Answer 9

any therapeutic maneuver designed to lengthen

Question 10

passive

Answer 10

fully lengthened

use of external force

Question 11

active

Answer 11

fully shortened

Question 12

elasticity

Answer 12

the ability of the tissue to return its resting length after passive stretch

Question 13

plasticity

Answer 13

tendency of soft tissue to assume new and greater length after the stretch

Question 14

selective stretching

Answer 14

stretching techniques selectively to some muscles and joints but allowing limitation of motion to develop in other muscles

Question 15

overstretch

Answer 15

is stretch well beyond normal ROM, which results in hypermobility, ie gymnastics

Question 16

contracture

Answer 16

the adaptive shortening of muscle or other soft tissue resulting in decrease of ROM
- your inability to get into a ROM

Question 17

myostatic

Answer 17

no pathologies present
tightness, mild shortening
can be resolved with mild stretching

Question 18

adhesions

Answer 18

cross bonding between collagen fibers

Question 19

irreversible contracture

Answer 19

permanet loss due to an excessive amount of non extensible tissue such as bone or fibrotic tissue

Question 20

pseodomyostatic contracture

Answer 20

limitation caused by CNS lesion. muscle appears to be in a constant state of contraction

Question 21

indications of stretching

Answer 21

• loss of rom
• when limitations may lead to strucural deformities
• when contracture interfere with function
• where there is muscle weakness and opposing muscle tightness

Question 22

goals of stretching

Answer 22

to regain or re establish normal rom

• prevent irreversible contractures
• increase general flexibility
• prevent injuries

Question 23

local relaxation

Answer 23

heat
masssage
joint traction ir oscillation

Question 24

CI’s

Answer 24

when there is bony block
after a recent fracture
acute inflammation
when there is sharp acute pain

Question 25

after stretching

Answer 25

apply cold and allow these structures to cool in a lengthened posistion