Strategies for managing a water-related disease Flashcards
1
Q
against adult mosquito
A
- Spraying insecticides in an attempt to kill the Anopheles mosquitoes which spread the disease.
- Breeding genetically modified sterile mosquitoes, or mosquitoes unable to carry the parasite.
- Breeding mosquitoes which give birth to predominantly male offspring to reduce the numbers of female mosquitoes.
- Mosquito traps which mimic animals and humans by emitting a small amount of carbon dioxide in order to lure the mosquitoes into the trap where they are killed.
- Increased use of insecticide-coated mosquito nets at night.
2
Q
against larvae
A
- BTI bacteria artificially grown in coconuts. the fermented coconuts are broken open after a few days and thrown into the mosquito larvae-infested ponds. The larvae eat the bacteria and have their stomach lining destroyed.
- Putting larvae-eating fish such as the muddy loach into stagnant ponds or paddy fields.
- Flushing reservoirs and draining stagnant ponds or swamps every seven days as it takes longer than this period of time for the larvae to develop into adult mosquitoes.
- Planting eucalyptus trees can help soak up excess moisture and reduce the amount of stagnant water.
3
Q
against plasmodium
A
- Medication to kill the parasite/prevent infection such as quinine and chloroquine.
- Vaccinations such as RTS,S/Mosquirix. Prevention is better than treatment.
- Educating people in the use of insect repellents or covering the skin at dawn/dusk when mosquitoes are most active (eg, the WHO’s Roll Back Malaria campaign).