STP 21-1 / STP 21-24 / TC 4-02.1 – First Aid Flashcards
What is Self Aid?
Emergency treatment one applies to oneself.
Name some items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment
- Bayonet.
- Rifle.
- Entrenching tool.
- Tent poles and stakes.
- Web belt.
What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg?
Tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg.
How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbs or hands are there on the human body?
11
What is the object of first aid?
- To stop bleeding.
- Overcome shock.
- Relieve pain.
- Prevent infection.
What FM covers first aid for Soldiers?
TC 4.02-1
What is the unique feature of type “O” blood?
It is a universal donor.
When would you not remove a casualties clothing to expose a wound?
If in a chemical environment or if the clothing is stuck to the wound.
What Soldiers are most likely to suffer heat injuries?
Soldiers not accustomed to the heat, overweight Soldiers, prior heat casualties, and Soldiers already dehydrated due to alcohol use, diarrhea, or lack of water (insufficient use of).
How high should an injured limb be elevated above the heart to control bleeding?
2 to 4 inches.
What are the lifesaving steps? (The ABC’s of medical treatment)
- Open the airway and restore breathing.
- Stop the bleeding / Protect the wound.
- Prevent shock.
When applying splint, where should the bandages be tied?
The bandages should be tied with knots against the splint.
Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty?
Use the casualty’s field dressing.
How should the ends of an improved pressure dressing be tied?
Tie the ends together in a nonslip knot, directly over the wound site. DO NOT tie so tightly that it has a tourniquet-like effect.
What is manual pressure?
If bleeding continues after applying the sterile field dressing, direct manual pressure may be used to help control bleeding. Apply such pressure by placing a hand on the dressing and exerting firm pressure for 5 to 10 minutes. The casualty may be asked to do this himself if he is conscious and can follow instructions.
Should a casualty be given water to drink?
He should not eat or drink.
Why should you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible?
To protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control the bleeding.
What should you do to indicate that a casualty has received a tourniquet?
Mark his or her forehead with a T and if possible, note the time of the application of the tourniquet.
Should you ever remove or loosen a tourniquet?
No, only qualified medical personnel can do that.
Where is a tourniquet applied?
Place the tourniquet around the limb, between the wound and the body trunk (or between the wound and the heart). Never place it directly over a wound, a fracture, or joint. Tourniquets, for maximum effectiveness, should be placed on the upper arm or above the knee on the thigh.
How can you prevent athlete’s foot?
Keep your feet clean, use foot powder and change socks daily.
Name 3 categories of heat injuries
- Heat cramps.
- Heat exhaustion.
- Heat stroke.
What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps?
- Cramping in the extremities (arms and legs).
- Abdominal Cramps (stomach).
- Excessive Sweating.
What are some signs of an open fracture?
Bleeding.
Bones sticking through the skin.
What is the treatment for heat cramps?
- Move the casualty to a cool, shady area or improvise shade if none is available.
- Loosen his clothing (if not in a chemical environment).
In a chemical environment, transport the heat casualty to a non-contaminated area as soon as the mission permits. - Have him slowly drink at least one canteen full of water. (The body absorbs cool water faster than warm or cold water; therefore, cool water is preferred if it is available.)
- Seek medical assistance should cramps continue.
What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?
- Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skin.
- Headache.
- Weakness.
- Dizziness.
- Loss of appetite.
- Cramping.
- Nausea (with or without vomiting).
- Urge to defecate.
- Chills (Gooseflesh).
- Rapid Breathing.
- Tingling of Hands/Feet.
- Confusion.
What would the treatment be for heat exhaustion?
- Move the casualty to a cool, shady area or improvise shade if none is available.
- Loosen or remove his clothing and boots (unless in a chemical environment); pour water on him and fan him.
- Have him slowly drink at least one canteen of water.
- Elevate his legs.
- If possible, the casualty should not participate in strenuous activity for the remainder of the day.
- Monitor the casualty until the symptoms are gone, or medical assistance arrives.
What are the signs and symptoms of heat stroke?
- Skin is red, hot and dry.
- Weakness.
- Dizziness.
- Confusion.
- Headaches.
- Seizures.
- Nausea.
- Stomach pains or cramps.
- Respiration and pulse may be rapid and weak.
- Unconsciousness and collapse may occur suddenly.