STP 21-1 / STP 21-24 / FM 3-22.9 / FM 3-22.68 – Rifle Marksmanship M16/A2 - 5.56 mm Semiautomatic Rifle

Question 1

What is the FM concerning the M16/A2 Rifle?

Answer 1

FM 3-22.9

Question 2

What is the first thing you should do when you handle a weapon?

Answer 2

Make sure you clear it

Question 3

Name the five phases in Basic Rifle Marksmanship.

Answer 3

1. Preliminary Rifle Instruction
2. Downrange Feedback
3. Field Fire
4. Advanced Rifle Marksmanship
5. Advanced Optics, Laser and Iron Sights

Question 4

What is the purpose of a weaponeer?

Answer 4

The weaponeer is capable of simulating all of the BRM live fire scenarios without firing rounds. Immediate feedback is available for critiquing the Soldier’s application of the integrated act of firing while using the weaponeer device to include misfire procedures.

Question 5

What are the four fundamentals of marksmanship?

Answer 5

1. Steady Position
2. Proper Aim (Sight Picture)
3. Breathing
4. Trigger Squeeze

Question 6

During Preliminary Marksmanship Training (PMI), what are the only two positions taught?

Answer 6

1. Individual Foxhole supported

2. Basic Prone unsupported

Question 7

What are the two basic elements of the Sight Picture?

Answer 7

1. Sight Alignment

2. Placing of the Aiming Point

Question 8

What does the acronym SPORTS stand for?

Answer 8

Slap, Pull, Observe, Release, Tap and Shoot

Question 9

What is remedial action?

Answer 9

Remedial action is the continuing effort to determine the cause for a stoppage ormal function and to try to clear the stoppage once it has been identified.

Question 10

Describe the proper procedures for applying remedial action with the M16/A2.

Answer 10

1. Try to place the weapon on safe
2. Remove the magazine
3. Lock the bolt to the rear
4. Place the weapon on safe if not already done

Question 11

Describe the proper procedure for applying immediate action with the M16/A2

Answer 11

1. Slaps gently upward on the magazine to ensure it is fully seated, and the magazine follower is not jammed.
2. Pulls the charging handle fully to the rear.
3. Observes for the ejection of a live round or expended cartridge. (If the weapon fails to eject a cartridge, perform remedial action.)
4. Releases the charging handle (do not ride it forward).
5. Taps the forward assist assembly to ensure bolt closure.
6. Squeezes the trigger and tries to fire the rifle.

Question 12

Is SPORTS an Immediate or Remedial Action?

Answer 12

Immediate action

Question 13

What is immediate action?

Answer 13

Immediate action involves quickly applying a possible correction to reduce a stoppage without performing troubleshooting procedures to determine the actual cause.(SPORTS)

Question 14

How many times should immediate action be applied to a weapon?

Answer 14

Once. (If Rifle still fails to fire, apply remedial action)

Question 15

What is a malfunction?

Answer 15

The weapon ceasing to fire due to a stoppage resulting from mechanical failure of the weapon, magazine or ammo.

Question 16

Name the different categories of malfunctions on the M16/A2.

Answer 16

1. Failure to feed, chamber or lock
2. Failure to fire cartridge
3. Failure to Extract
4. Failure to Eject

Question 17

What is stoppage?

Answer 17

A stoppage is a failure of an automatic or semiautomatic firearm to complete the cycle of operation..

Question 18

How do you clear a stoppage?

Answer 18

Apply immediate or remedial action

Question 19

What is the definition of Maximum Effective Range?

Answer 19

The greatest distance at which a Soldier may be expected to deliver a target hit.

Question 20

What does CLP stand for?

Answer 20

Cleaner - It contains solvents that dissolve firing residue and carbon.
Lubricant - It lays down a layer of Teflon as it dries to provide lubrication.
Preservative - It prevents rust from Forming.

Question 21

Describe the M16/A2 Rifle.

Answer 21

A 5.56 mm, magazine fed, gas-operated, air-cooled, semiautomatic, or three-round burst, hand-held, shoulder-fired weapon.

Question 22

What are the 7 types of ammunition that can be used with the M16/A2 Rifle?

Answer 22

1. M193 – Ball
2. M196 – Trace
3. M199 – Dummy
4. M200 – Blank (Violet tip and 7 petal rose crimp)
5. M855 – Ball (Green Tip)
6. M856 – Tracer (Red Tip)
7. M862 – Short Range Training Ammunition (Plastic with a Blue Tip)

Question 23

What are the four steps required in order to mechanically zero the M16/A2?

Answer 23

1. Adjust the front sight post (1) up or down until the base of the front sight post is flush with the front sight post housing (2).
2. Adjust the elevation knob (3) counterclockwise, as viewed from above, until the rear sight assembly (4) rests flush with the carrying handle and the 8/3 marking is aligned with the index line on the left side of the carrying handle.
3. Position the apertures(5) so the unmarked aperture is up and the 0-200 meter aperture is down. Rotate the windage knob (6) to align the index mark on the 0-200 meter aperture with the long center index line on the rear sight assembly.

Question 24

What are the steps required in order to battlesight zero the M16/A2?

Answer 24

1. Adjust the elevation knob (1) counterclockwise, as viewed from above, until the rear sight assembly(2) rests flush with the carrying handle and the 8/3 marking is aligned with the index line (3) on the left side of the carrying handle. Then adjust the elevation knob one more click clockwise.
2. Position the apertures(4) so the unmarked aperture is up and the 0-200 meter aperture is down. Rotate the windage knob (5) to align the index mark on the 0-200 meter aperture with the long center index line on the rear sight assembly.

Question 25

Describe the weights of the M16/A2 Rifle.

Answer 25

Without Magazine and Sling - 7.78 pounds
With Sling and a loaded 20 round magazine - 8.48 pounds
With Sling and a loaded 30 round magazine - 8.79 pounds

Question 26

Describe the max effective rates of fire for the M16/A2 Rifle.

Answer 26

Semiautomatic - 45 rounds per minute
Burst - 90 rounds per minute
Sustained - 12-15 rounds per minute

Question 27

What is the muzzle velocity of the M16/A2 Rifle?

Answer 27

3,100feet per second

Question 28

Describe the ranges for the M16/A2 Rifle.

Answer 28

Maximum Range - 3,600 meters
Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 550 meters
Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 800 meters

Question 29

Describe the Barrel Rifling for the M16/A2 Rifle.

Answer 29

Right hand twist 1/7

Question 30

What is the basic load of ammunition for the M16/A2 Rifle?

Answer 30

210 Rounds total. (7 magazines with 30 rounds in each)

Question 31

The elevation knob adjusts the point of aim for the M16A2 Rifle how much?

Answer 31

300 to 800 meters

Question 32

What is the overall length of the M16/A2 Rifle?

Answer 32

39.63inches

Question 33

What are the 8 steps in the functioning of the M16/A2 rifle?

Answer 33

1. Feeding
2. Chambering
3. Locking
4. Firing
5. Unlocking
6. Extract ing
7. Ejecting
8. Cocking

Question 34

Describe the procedures for clearing the M16/A2 Rifle.

Answer 34

Point the muzzle in a designated SAFE DIRECTION. Attempt to place selector lever on SAFE. If weapon is not cocked, lever cannot be placed on SAFE.
Remove the magazine by depressing the magazine catch button and pulling the magazine down.
To lock bolt open, pull charging handle rearward. Press bottom of bolt catch and allow bolt to move forward until it engages bolt catch. Return charging handle to full forward position. If you have not done so before, place the selector lever on SAFE.
Visually (not physically) inspect the receiver and chamber to ensure these areas contain no ammo.
With the select or lever pointing toward SAFE, allow the bolt to go forward by pressing the upper portion of the bolt catch.
Place the select or lever on SEMI and squeeze the trigger.
Pull the charging handle fully rearward and release it, allowing the bolt to return to the full forward position.
Place the select or lever on SAFE.
Close the ejection port cover.