Storage : Partition Flashcards
Block Devices
● Read/write in blocks of data
● examples: hard drives, solid-state devices
Character Devices
● Read/write in character streams of data
● examples: keyboards, mice, serial ports
File System
A data structure is used by an operating system to store, retrieve, organize, and manage files and directories on storage devices
FAT
An older file system compatible with different operating systems
ext2
Used to be the native Linux file system of some older releases
ext3
Much faster in recovering data and better ensures data integrity in abrupt system shutdowns
ext4
Supports volumes up to one exabyte and files up to 16 terabytes in size
XFS
A 64-bit, high-performance journaling file system that provides fast recovery and can handle large files
efficiently
BTRFS
Supports volumes of up to 16 exabytes in size and up to 18 quintillion files on each volume
Windows supports ____ by default
SMB
What are the file systems that shares data over a Network?
Server Message Block (SMB)
Common Internet File System (CIFS)
Network File System (NFS)
____ does offer NFS by default
Windows
Inode
Stores metadata about a file or directory on a file system
What is included in the journaling process?
● Changes to be made
● Background processes
● Pending changes after reboot
● Incomplete entries
Virtual File System
A software interface that sits between the kernel and the real file system
What allows for multiple file systems to be on a drive?
Virtual File System
What are the 2 types of file system labels?
o e2label
▪ ext-based file systems
o xfs_admin
▪ XFS-based file systems
File system labels can have up to____
16 characters long
Partition
A section of the storage drive that logically acts as a separate drive
Partition Primary
Contains one file system or logical drive and is sometimes referred to as a volume
Logical
Partitioned and allocated as an independent unit and functions as a separate drive
fdisk
Used to create, modify, or delete partitions on a storage drive
fdisk -H
Specify number of drive heads
fdisk -b
Specify number of drive sectors
fdisk -S
Specify number of sectors per track
fdisk -l
List partition tables for devices
fdisk -s
Print partition size in blocks
What option creates a new partition on the fdisk menu?
n
What option deletes a partition on the fdisk menu?
d
What option list existing partitions on the fdisk menu?
p
What option writes drive changes and exit utility on the fdisk menu?
w
What option discards changes and exit utility on the fdisk menu?
q
parted utility
Used to create, destroy, and resize partitions and runs the GNU Parted utility
On the parted utility menu, what option creates partition with the file system type specified?
mkpart
partprobe
Used to update the kernel with changes that now exist within the partition table
mkfs
Used to build a Linux file system on a device, which is usually a drive partition
mkfs - v
Produce verbose output that keeps changing as the program processes
mkfs fs
Pass file system-specific options to the file system builder
mkfs -c
Check the device for bad blocks before building the file system
mkfs -l
Read the list of bad blocks from a specified file
fstab
Stores information about storage devices and partitions and where and how they should be mounted
/etc/crypttab File
Stores information about encrypted devices and partitions that must be unlocked and mounted on system boot
/dev
A special file that contains details about all the files and subdirectories housed within it
What are the requirements to set up storage devices?
▪ Partition storage device
▪ Format partition with a file system
▪ Add formatted partition to fstab file
/dev/null
A special type of virtual device that discards anything you send or redirect into it
/dev/zero
● A special type of virtual device that returns a null character anytime you read from it
● dev/zero will send back the ASCII null character of 0x00
What is used to sanitize a drive?
/dev/zero
/dev/urandom
A special type of virtual device that returns a randomized series of pseudorandom numbers
