Stop Missing these things Flashcards
the mutated gene responsible for polycythemia vera
JAK2
gain-of-function (activating) mutation in the JAK2 gene, which encodes for the oncogenic nonreceptor tyrosine kinase JAK2.
polycythemia vera (PV) ,
This JAK2V617F mutation causes an EPO-independent proliferation of the myeloid cell lines that leads to pancytosis. Associated symptoms include hyperviscosity syndrome (mucosal bleeding, neurological symptoms, and visual changes), thrombotic events (e.g, deep vein thrombosis), cyanotic lips, hypertension, and splenomegaly
How do we differentiate AML from ALL?
Acute Myeloif Leukemia-> stains positive for myeloperoxidase
ALL-> neagtive
t(15;17) translocation indicates
AML
Auer rods
characteristic feature of AML, particularly associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia
can be treated with vitamin A derivates such as ATRA (all-trans-retinoic acid
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining
stains polysaccarides, ALL erythroid precursor cells stain postive, stains for whipple disease tropheryma whippeli
Cluster of differentiation 1a
Langerhans cells that mediates the presentation of antigens to T cells. Unregulated proliferation of Langerhans cells leads to Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a marker for
confirms lympoid lineage
immature lymphocytes, confirms that the cells are of lymphoid lineage and thus differentiates acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from AML
confirms lymphoid lineage
TdT
Confrims myeloid lineage
myeloperoxidase
Bleeding dysfunction in HUS
increased bleeding time with normal PT and PTT, platelets fucked
Effect of PTH on Phosphorus
It decreases resorption so it decreases serum content
Tetrallogy in tetrallogy of fallot
right ventricular outflow obstruction due to pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and an overriding aorta (above the VSD).
Dermal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans
myedema
Can be difficult to diagnose because of its variable presentation. Early manifestations include weight loss and migratory, nondeforming arthritis. Late manifestations include chronic malabsorptive diarrhea. Low-grade fever, lymphadenopathy, and cardiac and neurologic manifestations are also characteristic.
Whipple disease, An infectious disease caused by the bacterium Tropheryma whipplei. intracellular gram positive bacillus
