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Block 4 Anatomy > Stomach, Spleen, Liver > Flashcards

Stomach, Spleen, Liver Flashcards

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1
Q

The stomach is located between which two parts of the gastrointestinal tract?

A

Esophagus and duodenum

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2
Q

The inferior pyloric region of the stomach crosses to the right of mid-line at which vertebral level?

A

the first lumbar vertebrae at the transpyloric plane

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3
Q

What are the four parts of the stomach?

A

Cardia, Fundus, Body and Pylorus

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4
Q

The cardia and the fundus are adjacent to the ________ and deep to the left _______ margin.

A

Diaphragm and Costal Margin

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5
Q

The angular notch on the lesser curve of the stomach indicates the beginning of the ____?

A

Plyorus – Which crosses to the right of mid-line and is continuous with duodenum

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6
Q

The lateral diaphragmatic surface of the spleen is lodged and protected in the concavity of the diaphragm between the ____ and ____ ribs

A

9th and 11th ribs

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7
Q

The visceral surface of the spleen is in relations to which other viscera?

A

Stomach, Left Kidney and left Colic (Splenic) flexure

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8
Q

Which two ligaments are associated with the spleen?

A 
Lienorenal ligament (Speen to kidney) 
and 
Gastrolienal ligament (Spleen to stomach)
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9
Q

What is the orientation of the Lienorenal ligament in relation to the Gastrolienal ligament ?

A

Gastrolienal ligament is ventral to the Lienorenal ligament

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10
Q

What is contained within the Lienorenal ligament?

A

the tail of the pancreas and the distal splenic vessels

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11
Q

The celiac arterial trunk arises from the aorta at the level of ?

A

the upper border of the first lumbar vertebra
&
and it is tightly encased by the celiac ganaglia and plexus of the autonomic nervous system

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12
Q

The celiac arterial trunk also arises at the superior border of _______ at the mid-line

A

Pancreas

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13
Q

What three arterial branches arise from the celiac trunk?

A

Splenic, Left Gastric and Common Hepatic

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14
Q

What is the path that the Splenic Atery takes to reach the hilum of the spleen?

A

It follows a “tortuous” horizontal course to the left along the superior border of the pancreas and posterior to the body of the stomach. The tail of the pancreas and the splenic vessels enter the lienorenal ligament to reach the hilum of the spleen

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15
Q

What two sets of branches are given off at the distal end of the splenic artery close to the hilum?

A

Short Gastric Arteries
&
Left Gastroepiploic Artery

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16
Q

Where does the Short Gastric Arteries of the splenic artery go to?

A

Fundus of the Stomach

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17
Q

Where does the Left Gastroepiploic Artery of the splenic artery go to?

A

to the greater curvature of the stomach entering via the greater omentum (gastrocolic ligament) at the left end of the greater curvature

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18
Q

What happens with the arterial supply in the gastrocolic ligament?

A

the left gastroepiploic artery anastomoses with the right gastroepiploic artery and both together then supply the greater curvature of the stomach and greater omentum

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19
Q

The Left Gastric Artery begins________ and must then enter the _______ __________ (hepatogastric ligament) to supply the stomach

A

retroperitoneal

lesser omentum

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20
Q

When the common hepatic artery reaches the superior surface of the duodenum it divides into which two arteries?

A

proper hepatic & gastroduodenal

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21
Q

As the proper hepatic artery ascends within the hepatoduodenal ligament, is it on the right or left side of the common bile duct?

A

left side

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22
Q

What can sometimes, but inconsistently, be the first branch of the proper hepatic artery?

A

the right gastric artery

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23
Q

The proper hepatic artery divides into ?

A

right and left hepatic arteries

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24
Q

the right hepatic artery gives rise to ?

A

cystic artery

25
Q

as the gastroduodenal artery descends posterior to the first part of the duodenum it divides into?

A

right gastroepiploic (gastro-omental) artery
&
anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

26
Q

the right gastroepiploic (gastro-omental) artery enters the greater omentum and anatomizes with the ____________ artery within the greater omentum.

A

left gastroepiploic (gastro-omental)

27
Q

The liver is the largest _____ of the body and is covered by visceral peritoneum except for an area referred to as the ______ area

A

Gland

bare area

28
Q

The _____ surface of the liver contains the porta hepatis and attaches to the ______ omentum

A

visceral

lesser

29
Q

The falciform ligament does NOT extend below what structure?

A

umbilicus

30
Q

the inferior free border of the falciform ligament is referred to as the ?

A

liamentum teres —which used to be the umbilical vein

31
Q

Once the falciform ligament spits into right and left coronary ligament, the anterior layers make medial reflections and are referred to as ?

A

the right and left triangular ligaments

32
Q

The posterior layer of the coronary ligament continues from the triangular ligaments to reach the visceral layer of the liver to encircle the porta hepatis, which then continues to the stomach and duodenum as the ________ ________ ?

A

Lesser Omentum (Hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments)

33
Q

The bare area of the liver is devoid of a peritoneal covering and is within the large separation between the _____ and ________ layer of the _____ & _____coronary ligament.

A

between the anterior and posterior layers of the right & left coronary ligament

34
Q

What structures lie within the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A
  1. Proper hepatic artery
  2. Hepatic portal vein
  3. Common bile duct
35
Q

The origin of the hepatic portal vein is deep to what structure?

A

deep to the neck of the pancreas

36
Q

The common bile duct descends in the hepatoduodenal ligament and posterior to the duodenum to reach which two structures

A
  1. pancreas

2. 2nd part of the duodenum

37
Q

Names the three ligaments that make up the greater omentum

A
  1. gastrocolic ligament
  2. gastrolienal ligament
  3. gastrophrenic ligament
38
Q

Name the two ligaments that make up the lesser omentum

A
  1. Hepatogastric ligament

2. hepatodudental ligament

39
Q

Where does the hepatogastic ligament attach?

A

fissure for the ligamentum Venosum

40
Q

where does the hepatoduodenal ligament attach at?

A

Porta hepatis

41
Q

which ribs protect the spleen

A

9, 10, & 11

42
Q

What space lies to the left of the spleen?

A

Costodiphragmatic recess

43
Q

If you were to do a thorocentesis at the midaxillary line and made it all the way to the spleen, list the layers you went through to get there?

A

skin, lung parietal pleura. pleural cavity, lung parietal pleura, diaphragm, parietal peritoneum of spleen, viscera peritoneum, spleen
** look at picture from lecture slide**

44
Q

The ______ ligament is used to divide the diaphragmatic surface of the liver into
right and left lobes.

A

falciform ligament

45
Q

The lower margin of the liver is

at the what costal level?

A

The lower margin of the liver is

at the inferior costal margin. A normal liver does not extend below the rib cage.

46
Q

The round ligament in the inferior free

margin of the falciform ligament is a remnant of what structure?

A

The round ligament is the obliterated umbilical vein

47
Q

The falciform ligament, is a development from what structure?

A

VENTRAL mesogastrium

48
Q

What makes up the “H” structure of the visceral surface of the liver?

A

Left side of H = Sinus Venosum+ ligamentum Teres
Right Side of H = IVC and Gallbladder
Middle of H = Porta hepatis

49
Q

What lobe of the liver forms roof of epipolotic foramen and is the only lobe of the liver in contact with omentum bursa

A

Caudate lobe

50
Q

The porta hepatis in the hilum of the liver contains the portal triad structures, what structures does that contain?

A

portal vein, proper hepatic artery, and hepatic duct.

51
Q

What vessels drain the liver and where to they drain?

A

Hepatic veins drain the liver directly into the IVC

52
Q

falciform ligament splits to form the right and left ___________ligaments.

A

Coronary

53
Q

When the superior and inferior of each right and left coronary ligaments meet what is each side referred to as?

A

right and left triangular ligaments

  • note: in the dissector, superior and inferior are referred to as anterior and posterior right and left coronary ligaments, respectively.
54
Q

There is a large gap between the sup. and inf. right coronary ligaments. This gap is called the what? Why is it significant?

A

Bare area
* of importance because due to it not having peronium covering lymphatic ducts are able to move from the abdomen through the diaphragm into the thorax, and spread things such as cancer

55
Q

The right and left inferior coronary ligaments

meet and become the __________ ligament in the fissure of the ___________ ___________.

A

hepatogastric

ligamentum venosum.

56
Q

list the order of the bile passages going from the porta hepatis to the duodenum

A

R and L hepatic ducts
Common hepatic duct
Common bile duct (which is distal to the junction of common hepatic and cystic
ducts).

57
Q

list the structural relations of the gall bladder

A 
Liver
Anterior abdominal wall
Transverse colon
Duodenum
    **** figure in notes Page 9.****
58
Q

the celiac trunk artery is the artery of the

(foregut, or Mid-gut, or hindgut) and is one of the 3 (paired or unpaired) arteries that supply the GI tract.

A

the celiac trunk artery is the artery of the

FOREGUT and is one of the 3 UNPAIRED arteries that supply the GI tract.

59
Q

True or False: All three of of the unpaired organs of the GI tract, the liver, spleen and pancreas are supplied by branches of the celiac trunk.

A

TRUE!!!!

Block 4 Anatomy (4 decks)

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