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Abdomen Anatomy > Stomach & Intestines > Flashcards

Stomach & Intestines Flashcards

1
Q

Branches of Coeliac trunk

A

Go Straight Home

Lt Gastric artery
- esophageal branches

Splenic artery

  • Lt Gastroepiploic artery
  • short gastric arteries

Common Hepatic artery

  • Rt Gastric artery
  • Gastroduodenal artery > Rt GE artery + Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery + Supraduodenal artery
  • Proper hepatic artery > Lt Hepatic + Rt Hepatic ( Cystic artery htwat )
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2
Q

Blood supply of stomach

A

5

Lt Gastric artery ( Celiac )
Rt Gastric artery ( CHA )
Lt GE artery ( Splenic A )
Rt GR artery ( Gastroduodenal from CHA )
short Gastric arteries ( Splenic A )
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3
Q

Gastrosplenic ligament contains ?

A

Lt GE

Short gastric arteries

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4
Q

Linorenal ligament

A

Splenic artery

Tail of pancreas

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5
Q

which artery ruputures

in DU ?
in GU ?

A

DU - Gastroduodenal artery

GU - Splenic vessels

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6
Q

To gain access to Coeliac axis , which structure must be divided in surgery ?

A

Lesser omentum

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7
Q

Rectum

Length ?
Diameter ?
Extent ?

A

Length - 12-15cm

Diameter - 4cm ( in empty state )

Extent - S3 to tip of coccyx

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8
Q

Describe about folds of Rectum .

A

3 transverse rectal folds (or) valves of Houston

  • left
  • right
  • left
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9
Q

Peritoneal coverings of Rectum

A

Superior 1/3 - anterior & lateral surfaces

Middle 1/3 - anterior only

Lower 1/3 - no peritoneal covering

Posterior - extraperitoneal

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10
Q

Anterior relations of rectum

male / female

A

Male

  • rectovesicle pouch
  • base of bladder
  • seminal vesicle
  • prostate

Female

  • rectouterine pouch ( of Douglas )
  • posterior wall of Vagina
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11
Q

Posterior relations of rectum

A
  • Sacrum
  • Coccyx
  • lower sacral nerves
  • middle sacral artery
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12
Q

What separates rectum & prostate in male ?

A

Fascia of Denonvilliers

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13
Q

Lateral relations of rectum

A

Levator ani

Coccygeus

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14
Q

Fascias anterior & posterior of rectum

A

Anterior - Denovillier fascia ( bet rectum & prostate )

Posterior - Waldeyer fascia ( bet rectum & sacrum coccyx )

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15
Q

Arteries supplying rectum & anal canal ( and their origin )

A

Superior rectal A ( IMA ) - above pectinate line

Middle rectal A ( IIA ) - below pectinate line

Inferior rectal A ( internal budendal artery of IIA )

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16
Q

Ischianal fossa boundaries

A

Anterior - UG diaphragm

Posterior - Gluteus maximus

Lateral - Ischial tuberosity , Obturator externus

Medial - Levator ani , anal sphincter

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17
Q

Importance of pectinate line

A
  1. It forms the junction between endoderm & ectoderm .
  2. Above - supplied by ANS
    Below - by somatic nerves and is sensitive to pain
  3. Above - Veins drain into portal system
    Below - into system veins
  4. Above - lymphatics drain into aortic LN
    Below - drains into inguinal LN
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18
Q

Blood supply of Large Intestine

A

from SMA & IMA

SMA branches

Ileocolic > caecum & ascending colon
Right colic > ascending colon
Mid colic > transverse colon

IMA branches

Left colic > descending colon
Sigmoid branches > sigmoid colon
Superior rectal > rectum

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19
Q

Blood supply of appendix

A

Appendicular artery

from where it comes from Ileocolic artery

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20
Q

Blood supply of caecum

A

Ileocolic artery

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21
Q

Which structure can be identified at the point at which all the teania coli converge ?

A

Appendix base

22
Q

Variable positions of the appendix

A 
Retrocaecal ( 75% )
Pelvic             ( 20% )
Preileal
Postileal
Paracaecal
Subcaecal
23
Q

What structure should be divide if the retrocaecal appendix is difficult to access ?

A

Lateral peritoneal attachments of the caecum

24
Q

Large intestinal diameter

A

Caecum - 8 cm

Ascending - 6.5 cm
Descending - 6.5 cm

Transverse - 6 cm
Rectum - 6 cm

25
Q

Abdominal aorta branches

A

Single / Visceral

  • Coeliac trunk
  • SMA
  • IMA

Paired / Visceral

  • Suprarenal
  • Renal
  • Gonadal

Paired / Parietal

  • Inferior Phrenic
  • Lumbar ( x4 )
  • Common Iliac

Single / Parietal

  • Middle sacral artery
26
Q

How many unpaired visceral branches from Abdominal aorta ?

A

3

27
Q

Levels of
Coeliac -
SMA -
IMA -

A

Coeliac - T12

SMA - L1

IMA - L3

28
Q

Left kidney hilum level

A

L1

29
Q

Most inferior single aortic branch from abdominal aorta

A

Middle sacral artery

30
Q

At which level aorta bifurcates

A

L4

31
Q

Most inferior anterior aortic branch

A

IMA

32
Q

Coeliac plexus in relation to Aorta

A

Anterolateral to the aorta

33
Q

What aortic branch leave aorta approximately 1cm below coeliac axis

A

SMA

34
Q

Foregut structure and blood supply

A

Oesophagus
Stomach
Duodenum ( supra-ampullary )

Bld supply - Coeliac

35
Q

Midgut structure and blood supply

A 
Duodenum ( infra-ampullary )
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
Descending colon 
Transverse colon ( Right 2/3 )

Bld supply - SMA

36
Q

Hindgut structure and blood supply

A 
Transverse colon ( Left 2/3 )
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum 
Anus ( upper half )

Bld supply - IMA

37
Q

SMA branches

A 
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Jejunal & Ileal artery
Ileocolic artery ( gives to Appendicular artery )
Right colic artery
Middle colic artery
38
Q

Embryological strcture appendix derived from

A

Midgut

39
Q

Blood supply of transverse colon

A

Middle colic artery

from SMA

40
Q

IMA branches

A

Google

41
Q

AAA displaces left renal vein can affect which branch of aorta ?

A

SMA ( L1 )

same level as left renal vein ( L1 )

42
Q

IVC branches

A

Right renal vein
Right adrenal vein
Right testicular vein

Left renal vein
( recieves left adrenal v & left testicular v )

Left တွေဆိုရင်အားလုံးမဝင်
Renal ကလွဲရင်

43
Q

Bifurcation of IVC level

A

L5

44
Q

How many functional valves does IVC have ?

A

0 (zero)

45
Q

In AAA , a vessel lying transversely across the aorta

what is it ?

A

Left renal vein

46
Q

Lymphatic drainage of Rectum

A

Superior to Dentate line
- Mesorectal lymph nodes

Internal iliac and then paraaortic nodes

Inferior to Dentate line
- Inguinal nodes

47
Q

What are the important posterior relations that are at risk during a right hemicolectomy ?

A

Gondal vessels & Ureter

48
Q

Branches of Abdominal aorta

and their levels

A

Single / Visceral

  • Coeliac plexus ( T12 )
  • SMA ( L1 )
  • IMA ( L3 )

Paired / Visceral

  • Suprarenal middle ( L1 )
  • Renal ( L1-2 )
  • Gonadal ( L2 )

Single / Parietal

  • middle sacral artery ( L4 )

Paired / Parietal

  • Inferior phrenic A ( T12 )
  • Lumbar x4 ( L1-4 )
  • Common Iliac ( L4 )
49
Q

Openings of the diaphragm & structure passing through

A

I 8 - 10 EGGs - AT 12

IVC - T8

Esophagus - T10
Vagus

Aorta - T12
Azygos vein
Thoracic duct

50
Q

Source of bleeding in the left paracolic gutter in mobilisation of left colon ?

A

Spleen

51
Q

Blood supply of transverse colon

A

Middle colic artery

SMA

52
Q

Gastroduodenal artery arise from

A

Common hepatic artery

Abdomen Anatomy (5 decks)

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