Stomach Disorders

Question 1

Acute gastritis

Answer 1

Usually heals on its own

May be caused by patients who use alcohol,caffeine,NSAIDS, and can be caused by Hpylori

Question 2

Chronic gastritis

Answer 2

Causes thinning of stomach walls and does not heal as easily

Heavy smokers, heavy drinkers, auto immune disorders, untreated H pylori

Link to stomach cancer

Question 3

Peptic ulcer

Answer 3

erosion through some layers of stomach wall

Question 4

Stress ulcer

Answer 4

Very shallow ulcer(occurs after a stress on the body)

Happens d/r during stress responses blood is shunted away from stomach

Question 5

Gastric ulcer

Answer 5

Occurs in the body of the stomach

People produce normal amount of stomach acid but it drains slower

Question 6

Duodenal ulcer

Answer 6

Occurs in first part of small intestine

High amount of stomach acid being mad with only normal drainage

Question 7

Helicobacter pylori and NSAIDS

Answer 7

Gram (-) bacteria that 50% of people in the US have

May have genetic tendency.
It effects mucosal barrier in stomach, high acidity can now get to walls of stomach.
(Blood test#1 test, stool test, breath test) test for peptic ulcer

Question 8

Dyspepsia and pain S/S

Answer 8

Gastric ulcers:pain to left of sternum, occurs 60 minutes after eating).

Peptic ulcer: pain on left side of sternum.

Elderly experience nausea and vomiting.

Question 9

Management of pain with nutrition

Answer 9

Keep it bland(reduces symptoms of pain and heartburn).
Avoid:alcohol, caffeine, tobacco
Limit bedtime snacks 
Avoid NSAIDS and aspirin
Limit dairy

Question 10

Gastritis

Answer 10

Inflammation of stomach lining

Question 11

Management of peptic ulcers with medication

Answer 11

Proton pump inhibitors(Prilosec).
Antibiotics(biaxin&amoxil) or(Flagyl&tetracycline).

H2 blockers(Zantac,carafate)

Antacids(mylanta or Maalox) NOT TUMS

Question 12

Complications of peptic ulcers

Answer 12

Hemorrhage(GI bleed)
Hematemesis with upper GI bleed 
Gastric lavage(via NG tube to remove blood or toxins)
Perforation
Peritonitis

Question 13

Perforation

Answer 13

Ulcer becomes so deep that the entire thickness of stomach wall wears away, stomach And duodenal contents can now leak into peritoneal cavity.

Question 14

Peritonitis

Answer 14

Inflammation of endothelial lining of abdomen.
Classic symptom is “board-like abdomen”

Peritonitis has a high mortality rate

Question 15

Pyloric stenosis(obstruction)

Answer 15

Obstruction at pyloric sphincter

S/S: abdominal bloating, nausea,vomiting.

Question 16

Gastric cancer risk factors

Answer 16

H. Pylori infection
Chronic gastritis,GERD
Pernicious enemia
Preserved,pickled, or salty foods

Question 17

Early symptoms of gastric cancer

Answer 17

Indigestion

Abdominal discomfort

Feeling of fullness

Question 18

Late symptoms of gastric cancer

Answer 18

Vomiting and obstruction
Weight loss
Weakness&fatigue

Question 19

Partial gastrectomy

Answer 19

Remove part of the area where cancer is.
Don't move NG after surgery.
Check patency Q4 or as ordered.
HOB at or above 30 degrees.
Secure tune to nose and gown.
Some blood in NG is normal should be decreasing in amount though.

Question 20

Dumping syndrome

Answer 20

Due to rapid transit of food through the stomach into the small intestine(shifts fluid into stomach).

Question 21

Early symptoms of dumping syndrome

Answer 21

30 min after eating
Vertigo
Sweating
Cramping
Palpation
Tachycardia
Desire to lay down

Question 22

Late symptoms of dumping syndrome

Answer 22

90min-3hrs after eating 
Confusion 
Dizziness
Palpations
Diaphoresis

Question 23

Management of dumping syndrome

Answer 23

Several small meals daily 
High protein, high fat diet
Low to moderate carb diet
No milk,sweets, or sugars
Fluids between meals only