stomach and intestines Flashcards
characteristic feature of mucosa in small intestine for surface area
- plicae circulares
2. villi/crypts
cells you can see in the villi area
- goblet cells
- columnar absorptive cell
- entero-endocrine cell
- paneth cells
- stem cell
- lumen of the gland (crypt) of Lieberkuhn
layers of mucosa of small intestine
- epithelium - simple columnar
- lamina propria - loose c.t.
- muscularis mucosae -
5 cell types of the epithelium of small instestine
- enterocytes/absorptive cells
- goblet cells
- enteroendocrine (APUD) cells
- paneth’s cells
- stem cells
enterocyte/ absortive cell (small intestine)
- striated (brush) border of microvilli
- coated with glycocalyx (CH, enzyme)
- decrease in frequency toward the large intestine
goblet cells (small intestine)
- serete mucus
- increase in frequency toward large intestine
protection from ivasive organims (small intestine)
- sIgA
- tight junctions
- GALT
enteroendocrein (APUD) cells (small intestine)
produce hormone (gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin, somatostatin...) -> local circulation and modulate activiteis of GI tract located in crypt
paneth’s cells
base of the crypt
produce lysozyme
stem cells
pleuripotential cells -> epithelial, paneth’s and EEC (enteroendocrine cell)
hormones secreted by the EEC/APUD cells
- gastrin
- somatostatin
- serotonin
- cholecystokinin
- secretin
gastrin - production and function
by G cells in pylorus
stiulate parietal and chief cell to secret HCl and pepsin
somatostatin - production and function
by D cell in gut
inhibit parietal and chief cell secretion
serotonin - production and function
by EC cells in small intestine and fundus of stomach
stimulate smooth muclse contraction
cholecystokinin - production and function
by I cells in small intestines
stimulates bile production and pancreatic enzymes secretion
