Stomach Anatomy

Question 1

What are the parts of the stomach?

Answer 1

Cardia – surrounds the superior opening of the stomach at the T11 level.

Fundus – the rounded, often gas filled portion superior to and left of the cardia.

Body – the large central portion inferior to the fundus.

Pylorus – This area connects the stomach to the duodenum. It is divided into the pyloric antrum, pyloric canal and pyloric sphincter. The pyloric sphincter demarcates the transpyloric plane at the level of L1.

Question 2

What cells are in the stomach?

Answer 2

Fundus cells

1. Chief cells (Pepsinogen)
2. Parietal cells (HCL and Intrinsic factor)
3. Enterochromaffin like cells (Histamine)

Antrum and pylorus

1. Mucus and HCO3- cells
2. D cells (Somatostatin to inhibit gastrin, biliary and pancreatic output)
3. G cells (Gastrin, stimulated by gastric distention to increase HCL, intrinsic factor and pepsinogen secretion