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GI Anatomy > Stomach > Flashcards

Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

Where are parietal most abundant in the stomach?

A

Body

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2
Q

Where are D cells and other neuroendocrine cells most abundant ?

A

Body

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3
Q

What are the main cells types found in the stomach?

A

G cells, parietal cells, chief cells, D cells, ECL cells (histamine), stem cells and mucus neck cells (mucus and bicarbonate)

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4
Q

Name the muscle layers of the stomach from superficial to deep.

A

Longitudinal, circular, oblique

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5
Q

Where are cells found in the stomach?

A

In gastric glands (most cells), cardiac glands (mainly mucus neck cells) and pyloric glands (mostly mucous)

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6
Q

What epithelium is the stomach composed of?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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7
Q

What is the transpyloric plane?

A

Signifies the angular notch of the stomach. It is found midway between the jugular notch and the superior border of the pubic symphysis (around L1).

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8
Q

What is the function of parietal cells?

A

Secrete HCl and intrinsic factor.

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9
Q

What is the function of chief cells?

A

Secrete pepsinogen (converted to pepsin by HCl).

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10
Q

What is the function of D cells?

A

Produce somatostatin which inhibits CCK, VIP, gastrin, secretin, insulin and glucagon.

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11
Q

What is the arterial supply of the stomach?

A

Lesser curvature: left gastric artery superior and right gastric artery inferior.

Greater curvature: left gastroepiploic artery superior and right gastroepiploic artery inferior.

Superior surface: short gastric arteries.

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12
Q

What is the autonomic innervation of the stomach?

A

Sympathetic - coeliac plexus from T6-T9.

Parasympathetic - vagus

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13
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the stomach?

A

Lymphatic vessels travel with their arteries along the curvatures of the stomach and drain to gastric and gastro-omental nodes.

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14
Q

What arteries do the arteries supplying the stomach arise from?

A

Right gastroepiploic - terminal branch of gastroduodenal (from common hepatic)

Left gastroepiploic - branch of splenic

Right gastric - branch of common hepatic

Left gastric - direct branch of coeliac trunk

Short gastric arteries - terminal branch of splenic

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15
Q

What is the venous drainage of the stomach?

A

Right and left gastric veins –> portal vein

Short gastric veins, left and right gastroepiploic veins –> superior mesenteric vein

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16
Q

Where are G cells most abundant?

A

Deep in pyloric glands in pyloric antrum.

GI Anatomy (7 decks)

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