Stomach Flashcards
1
Q
describe the functional areas of the stomach
A
- cardia: no acid secreting cells, mucous and HCO3
- body: gastric glands, parietal and chief cells, mucous secreting neck cells, endocrine cells, ECL cells which release histamine
- antrum: pyloric glands contain endocrine cells (G and D), gastrin and somatostatin, chief cells which secrete pepsinogen, mucus also produced
2
Q
contrast stomach motility during fasting state vs after a meal
A
3
Q
describe image
A
- hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter
- projectile vomitting from force exerted on the pylorus
- dehydration and olive shaped mass felt in right upper quadrant
4
Q
describe parietal cell secretions
A
5
Q
describe chief cell secretion
A
6
Q
describe mucus neck cell secretions
A
7
Q
describe the endocrine/paracrine secretions
A
8
Q
describe the change in gastric secretion components with flow rate
A
9
Q
describe the cellular mechanisms of gastric acid production in parietal cells
A
- luminal side
- H/K/ATPase pumps H+ out of cell (H+ formed by carbonic anhydrase)
- inward K channel provides K+ needed by the H/K/ATPase
- Cl- secreted via ion channel (helps reduce massive + gradient H+ works against)
- plasma side
- HCO3- (formed by carbonic anhydrase) leaves the cell that gastric venous plasma becomes alkaline –> postprandial ALKALINE TIDE
- Cl- enters cell against gradient that is coupled with HCO3 exiting the cell
- Na/K/ATPase
10
Q
describe acid production during the cephalic phase
A
11
Q
describe acid production during the gastric phase
A
12
Q
describe the negative feedback from the small intestine onto the parietal cells
A
13
Q
describe the stomach’s negative feedback onto the parietal cells
A
14
Q
describe the gastric mucosal barrier
A
