Stoichmetric Relationships Flashcards
Elements
Elements are single substances, composed of atoms of the same type
Compounds
Compounds contain a fixed ration of atoms of different elements and have different properties from their compound elements
Kinetic - Molecular Theory
Describes the differences in the properties of solids, liquids and gases on the basis of the different kinetic energies of the particles.
The relative atomic mass (AR)
The relative atomic mass of an element is the average mass of an atom according to relative abundance’s of its isotopes, on a scale where the mass of one atom of 12 is 12 exactly. It has no units.
The relative molecular mass (MR)
The relative molecular mass is the sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms in the molecular formula.
Percentage Yield
Percentage yield = (experimental yield / theoretical yield) x100%
Empirical formula
The empirical formula of a compound is the simplest whole number ratio of the atoms it contains
Molecular Formula
The molecular formula of a compound is the actual number of atoms of each element present
Solute
The solute is the substance dissolved in the solvent in forming a solution
Solvent
The solvent is the liquid that dissolved another substance or substances to form a solution
Solution
A solution is a homogenous mixture of a liquid with another substance
Concentration
Concentration is the amount of solute in a known volume of solution
Absolute zero
The temperature at which everything would be in its lowest energy state -273oC
Avogadro’s law
Equal volumes of ideal gases measured at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules
Heterogeneous Mixture
Is a mixture that does not have a uniform composition and consists of separate phases; can be separated by mechanical means
Homogeneous Mixture
Is a mixture that has the same (uniform) composition throughout the mixture and consists of only one phase
Ideal gas
A theoretical model that approximates the behavior of real gases: it can be defined in terms of macroscopic
Precision
It relates to the reproducibility of results; if a series of readings is taken with high precision
