Stoichiometry Flashcards
What is stoichiometry?
The branch of chemistry that deals with the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions.
True or False: Stoichiometry is based on the conservation of mass.
True
What is the mole ratio in stoichiometry?
The ratio of the coefficients of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation.
Fill in the blank: In stoichiometry, the coefficients in a balanced equation represent the number of ______ involved in the reaction.
moles
What is the purpose of balancing a chemical equation?
To ensure that the same number of atoms of each element is present on both sides of the equation.
What does the term ‘limiting reactant’ refer to?
The reactant that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product formed.
How do you determine the limiting reactant?
By calculating the amount of product that can be formed from each reactant and identifying the one that produces the least.
What is an excess reactant?
The reactant that remains after the limiting reactant is completely consumed.
True or False: The theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be formed from given amounts of reactants.
True
What is the actual yield?
The amount of product actually obtained from a chemical reaction.
What is the formula for calculating percent yield?
Percent Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) x 100%
What does the term ‘stoichiometric coefficients’ refer to?
The numbers in front of the compounds in a balanced chemical equation that indicate the ratio of moles.
Fill in the blank: In a balanced equation, the total number of atoms for each element must be ______.
equal on both sides
What is the significance of the Law of Conservation of Mass in stoichiometry?
It states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, which is the basis for balancing equations.
True or False: Stoichiometry can only be applied to reactions in solutions.
False
What unit is commonly used to measure the amount of substance in stoichiometry?
Moles
What is a balanced chemical equation?
An equation that has the same number of each type of atom on both sides.
What role do catalysts play in stoichiometric reactions?
They speed up the reaction without being consumed in the process.
Fill in the blank: The process of converting grams of a substance to moles is called ______.
gram-to-mole conversion
What is the stoichiometric conversion factor for converting moles of one substance to moles of another?
The mole ratio from the balanced equation.
How can stoichiometry be applied in real life?
It is used in pharmaceuticals, chemical manufacturing, and environmental science to calculate reactants and products.
What is the difference between empirical and molecular formulas?
The empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio of elements, while the molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms.
True or False: Stoichiometry is only applicable to chemical reactions and not to physical changes.
True
What does the term ‘yield’ refer to in stoichiometry?
The amount of product formed in a chemical reaction.
What is an example of a stoichiometric calculation?
Calculating how much product can be made from a given amount of reactants.
