STNA Course Vocab Flashcards
Abdominal thrust
Method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking.
Abduction pillow
Normally used for 6-12 weeks after surgery while the resident is sleeping in bed. It immobilizes and positions the hips and lower extremities. Placed between the legs; the legs are secured to the sides of the pillow using straps.
Abuse
Purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental or emotional pain or injury to someone.
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
Daily personal care tasks such as bathing; caring for skin, nails, hair, and teeth; dressing; toileting; eating and drinking; walking; and transferring.
Adaptive devices/equipment
Special equipment that helps a person who is I’ll or disabled to perform activities of daily living; also called assistive devices.
Addiction
Moving a body part toward the midline of the body.
Advance directives
Legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care the wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.
Affected side
A weakened side from a stroke or injury; also called weaker or involved side.
Agitation
A resident who is excited, restless, or troubled. Situations that lead to agitation are called triggers. Triggers may include a change of routine or caregiver, new or frustrating experiences, or even confusion.
Alzheimer’s disease
A progressive, incurable disease that causes tangled nerve fibers and protein deposits to form in the brain, eventually causing dementia.
Ambulation
Walking
Amputation
The surgical removal of some or all of a body part, usually a hand, arm, leg, or foot.
Angina pectoris
Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort.
Anxiety
Uneasiness or fear, often about a situation or condition.
Assault
A threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that he or she will be harmed.
Assistive devices
Special equipment that helps a person who is I’ll or disabled to perform activities of daily living; also called adaptive devices.
Battery
The intentional touching of a person without his or her consent.
Body mechanics
The way the parts of the body work together when a person moves.
Care plan
A plan developed for each resident to achieve certain goals; it outlines the steps and tasks that the care team must perform.
Catheter
A thin tube inserted into the body to drain or inject fluids.
Cerebral vascular accident (CVA)
A condition that occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain; also called a stroke.
Chain of command
The line of authority within the facility.
Chronic
Long-term or long-lasting
Cognitive impairment
Loss of ability to think logically; concentration and memory are affected.
Communication
The process of exchanging information with others by sending and receiving messages.
Confidentiality
The legal and ethical principle of keeping information private.
Confusion
The inability to think clearly.
Constipation
The inability to eliminate stool, or the infrequent, difficulty and often painful elimination of a hard, dry stool.
Constrict
To narrow
Contracture
The permanent no often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to lack of activity.
CVA
Cerebral vascular accident
Dangling
To sit up with the legs hanging over the side of the bed in order to regain balance and stabilize blood pressure.
Dehydration
A serious condition that results from inadequate fluid in the body.
Dementia
The serious loss of mental abilities, such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating.
Developmental disabilities
Disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood that restrict physical or mental ability.
Diabetes
A condition in which the pancreas produces too little insulin or does not properly use insulin.
Diastolic
Second measurement of blood pressure; phase when the heart relaxes or rests
Digestion
The process of preparing food physically and chemically so that it can be absorbed into the cells.
Dilate
To widen
Disinfection
Process that kills pathogens, but not all pathogens; it reduces the pathogen count to a level that is not considered infectious.
Disorientation
Confusion about person, place, or time.
Do-not-resuscitate (DNR)
A type of advance directive that instructs medical professionals not to perform CPR if a person’s heartbeat or breathing stops.
Dorsiflexion
Bending backward
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing