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Modalities Test 2 > STM > Flashcards

STM Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three STM effects?

A

reflexive, mechanical, and psychological

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2
Q

what are the two reflexive effects of STM?

A
  1. decreased pain via gate control

2. increased circulation

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3
Q

what are the two mechanical effects of STM?

A
  1. superficial (skin)

2. deep (muscle, adhesions, tissue flexibility)

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4
Q

what is the psychological effect of STM?

A

decreases a pt’s tension and anxiety by providing meaningful touch

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5
Q

what are the 5 contraindications for STM

A

think acute inflammation, cancer, infection

  1. vascular issues
  2. infections including cellulitis
  3. synovitis
  4. abscess
  5. cancer
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6
Q

what is the general procedure for STM? (3)

A
  1. effleurage
  2. petrissage
  3. effleurage
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7
Q

briefly address general duration of STM

A

can be 1-2 min or up to 10 min depending of type of petrissage/goals

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8
Q

with regards to swelling, how should you direct your STM?

A

start proximally and move distally, but always providing pressure in the distal-to-proximal direction

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9
Q

Should STM be painful?

A

no, STM is generally not painful, but could cause pain due to tenderness and pressure

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10
Q

what effects are produced during effleurage? petrissage?

A

reflexive and psychological; mechanical

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11
Q

what are the two effects of TFM

A
  1. increased motion of soft tissues

2. traumatic increase in blow flow (chronic conditions)

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12
Q

describe TFM

A

no lube, good contact with skin, and uncomfortable transverse movement

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13
Q

how long for TFM?

A

1-2 min for acute ligament sprains; chronic longer

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14
Q

how should you educate your patient following STM?

A

next session no sooner than 48 hours

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15
Q

What is an active TP?

A

painful spot that refers tenderness upon palpation

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16
Q

what is a latent TP?

A

no referred pain, but feel weak or limited in the area. wont feel pain until you dig in

17
Q

what are the three theories behind TP development?

A
  1. energy crisis
  2. motor end plate
  3. radiculopathic
18
Q

what is the energy crisis theory

A

acute or repetitive microtraumas continually shorten the sarcomere causing ischemia and sensitization TP development

19
Q

what is the motor end plate hypothesis

A

increased ACh activity at the motor end plate causes spontaneous muscle activity leading to TP development

20
Q

what is the radiculopathic model

A

nerve root compression leads to muscle denervation leading to TP development

21
Q

what are the 4 TPM principles?

A
  1. utilize small friction circles unlubed
  2. the pressure is usually uncomfortable
  3. go for 1-5 minutes
  4. can typically cause a numbing effect
22
Q

name 4 fascial dysfunctions

A
  1. frozen shoulder
  2. plantar fasciopathy
  3. scleroderma
  4. chronic LBP
23
Q

what are the three MFR steps

A
  1. skin roll to find the area of adhesion
  2. distract the area
  3. move the area against resistance
24
Q

what are the two goals of IASTM

A
  1. reduce scar tissue

2. increase fibroblast activity

25
Q

why use an instrument for STM?

A

reduces practitioner fatigue

26
Q

Based on the 2010, 14, and 16 Kim studies, what does the author recommend for IASTM use? (5)

A
  1. 30-60 degree angled instrument
  2. 40-120s duration
  3. 1-2 sessions/wk x 4-5wks
  4. use a lotion
  5. target the areas that feel gritty
27
Q

does IASTM provide additional benefit over exercise alone?

A

no

28
Q

does IASTM provide any different benefit from TPR?

A

no

29
Q

does IASTM provide any improvement in strength or power?

A

no

30
Q

describe a session that utilizes IASTM (4)

A
  1. warm up
  2. IASTM
  3. stretch and strength
  4. cold for pain
31
Q

what are the two possible side effects of IASTM

A
  1. bruising

2. soreness

32
Q

what are the absolute contraindications of IASTM (8)

A
  1. open wound
  2. skin infection
  3. unstable fracture
  4. hematoma
  5. uncontrolled HTN
  6. myositis ossificans
  7. thrombophlebitis
  8. anticoagulants

Modalities Test 2 (1 decks)

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