STIs Flashcards
Which STI is most common?
Chlamydia?
Name 3 main STIs
- Neisseria gonorrhoea (gram -ve diplococci)
- Chlamydia trachoma (gram -ve)
- Treponema pallidum - syhphilis (gram -ve)
Is N. Gonorrhoeae symptomatic?
Females - mainly asymptomatic carrier state
What symptoms see with n. gonorrhoea?
Acute urethritis, 50% women show discharge, dysuria
Females- can ascend Fallopian tubes - PID, sterility
Pathogenesis of n. gonorrhoea?
SPOIL Surface pili - attachement Opa proteins Lipo-oligosaccharide Por proteins IgA proteases
Relationship between N. Gonorrhoea and HIV
Increases likelihood of contracting HIV 5x
Diagnosis of N. Gonorrhoea?
Urethral swab - sub-cultured of choc agar
Sugar fermentation test - +Ve gluicose
Oxidase postiive
Tx of gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone (IM) and azithromycin (Ig orally)
Contract tracing
Explain disease progressive of syphilis
- Initial contact - multiplication treponema at site
- Primary lesion - chancre at site infection - resolve spontaneously (enlarged inguinal nodes)
- Secondary syphilis - bacteria disseminate = flu like illness
- Laten syphilis - no symptoms - treponema dormant liver/ spleen
- Tertiary - neurosyphilis
Tx treponema?
Long-acting penicillin - slow growth means long-acting course is needed
What is congenital syphilis
From vertical cross-placenta transfer
Can lead to stillbirth, congenital infection and birth deformity
Is chlamydia symptomatic?
Mainly asymptomatic females
50% symptomatic males
What does chlamydia cause?
Direct damage to cells and immunopathology causing fibrosis and scaring
What serotype of trachomatis is linked to STI?
D-K
Describe difference between chlamydia infections in men and women?
Female - asymptomatic but can get mucopurulent cervicitis, urethral infection and PID
Males - non-specific urethritis
