STIs Flashcards
What is the most common STI in the UK?
Chlamydia
What is the full name of the bacteria responsible for causing chlamydia?
Chlamydia trachomatis
What percentage of chlamydia sufferers are thought to be asymptomatic?
50% of men
70% of women
What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
Pain passing urine White, cloudy discharge Testicle pain Itchy vulva Irregular bleeding
What are the complications of chlamydia if untreated?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Tubal factor infertility
Ectopic pregnancy
Chronic pelvic pain
What is the treatment for chlamydia?
Single dose 1g azithromycin OR 100mg doxycycline bd for 7 days OR 500mg erythromycin bd for 14 days
What is urethritis?
Inflammation of the urethra more commonly in men
What are the potential causative organisms of urethritis?
Neisseria gonorrhoea
Chlamydia trachomatis
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Mycoplasma genitalum
What are the symptoms of urethritis?
Dysuria Inflamed foreskin White/yellow discharge Testicle swelling Abdominal pain
What is the exceptional symptom for non-gonococcal urethritis?
Penile tip irritation
What is the treatment for gonococcal urethritis?
Ceftriaxone 500mg IM OR cefixime 400mg PO
AND azithromycin 1g PO
What is the standard treatment for non-gonococcal urethritis?
Treat as for chlamydia as it is usually the cause with 1g of azithromycin.
What are the risk factors for bacterial vaginosis?
Sexual activity
Smoker
Black
IUD
What is the cause of bacterial vaginosis?
Anaerobic organisms proliferating due to washing away of normal flora, increasing pH.
What is the characteristic symptom of bacterial vaginosis?
White ‘fishy’ discharge.
What is the treatment for bacterial vaginosis?
Metronidazole 400mg bd for 7 days
OR
Clindamycin 300mg bd for 7 days
Available for oral use or as intravaginal gels
What are the methods of transmission of trichomoniasis?
Transmitted via sex and sharing towels, more common in women.
What is the causative organism of trichomoniasis?
Protazoa trichomoniasis vaginalis
What proportion of sufferers of trichomoniasis are asymptomatic?
10-50%
What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis?
Yellow, frothy discharge
Unpleasant smell
Itchy/sore vuvla
Dysuria
What is the treatment for trichomoniasis?
Metronidazole 2g as a single dose OR 400mg bd for 7 days
What are herpetic lesions on the hands?
Whitlows
What are the symptoms of herpes?
Blisters
Flu like symptoms
What is the treatment for genital herpes?
Doesn’t cure it but can improve symptoms
Aciclovir 500mg 5 times a day for 5 days
Topical 5% cream available
What is stage 1 of the syphilis infection?
0-90 days- painless but highly infective ulcer. Lymphadenopathy heals without treatment in 2-6 weeks.
What is stage 2 of the syphilis infection?
4-10 weeks- non irritating rash on chest, back and palms. Lymph node enlargement and wart like genital growths.
What is stage 3 of the syphilis infection?
3-15 years- neurological disease, soft tumour like growths (gumma), chancre development at site of infection
How is early syphilis treated?
IM benzathine penicillin G 2.4MU
IM procaine penicillin G 600000UI for 10 days
How is syphilis treated in penicillin allergic patients?
100mg doxycycline bd for 7/14 days
How is latent syphilis treated?
Prevention of neurological involvement
IM benzathine penicillin G 2.4MU for 14 days
IM procaine penicillin G 600000UI for 17 days
What is the cause of anogenital warts?
HPV
What are the symptoms of anogenital warts?
Smooth, flat bumps
Large cauliflower like lumps
Painless but itchy
How are soft non keratinised anogenital warts treated?
Podophyllotoxin and trichloroacetic acid 0.5% cream
bd for 3 days, weekly for 5 weeks
OR
3 times weekly at night for up to 16 weeks
How are keratinised anogenital warts treated?
Respond to ablative therapy
