STIs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common bacterial STIs?

A

Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
LGV (lymphogranuloma venereum)
Syphillis

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2
Q

What is Lymphogranuloma venereum?

A

STD caused by L1L2 and L3 strains of chlamydia trachomatis.

In the area of sex. Eg vaginal or penis will get inguinal abscesses. Anus will get rectal/proctocolitis symptoms.

Primary - ulcer most don’t see. Then secondary - lymph.

Dx- serology
Rx - Abx or drainage. Doxycycline or erythromycin.

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3
Q

Which are the common parasitic STDs?

A

Trichomonas vaginallis

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4
Q

Which are the common viral STDs?

A

HSV
HPV
HIV
Molluscum contagiosum

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5
Q

What’s the difference is testing in asymptomatic and symptomatic women in a GU clinic?

A

As- self-swab of vagina (NAAT for GC and CT) and mouth/rectum if required. Blood for hiv/hep and syphilis

Above plus these for symptomatic 
cervical swab (NAAT for gc and ct) and Wet slide for TV. And DGM/HSV swabs if required.
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6
Q

What are the different methods of emergency contraceptives?

A

1) 1.5mg levonorgestrel (upostelle) taken within 72 hours (sooner the better)
2) ulipristal acetate (ellaOne). 30mg within 120hrs.
3) copper coil (IUD) - within 5 days.

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7
Q

Chlamydia in women:
Signs
Dx
Rx

A

80% asymmptomatic. Or - cervicitis, purulent discharge, bleeding, tenderness, PID.
Dx- Swab NAAT
Rx- azithromycin 1g stat or doxycycline 100mg bd 7d or erythromycin 500mg bd 10-14d.

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8
Q

Chlamydia in men:
Signs
Complications

A

50% asymp.
Discharge, dysuria, pain in testis, proctitis.
Complications- epididymitis

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9
Q

Gonorrhoea:
Signs
Dx
Rx

A

Mucoid purulent discharge and inflammation
Dx- NAAT and culture. and micro showing gram negative diplococci.
Rx- Ceftriaxone 500mg IM stat and azithromycin 1g PO stat.

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10
Q

Genital warts:
Signs
Dx
Rx

A

Lumps either solitary or multiple. Bleeding, itch, hyperpigmentation can occur.

Dx - clinical. If atypical biopsy for ?ca.

Rx - 1’podophyllotoxin cream or solution (avoid in pregnancy). 2’ cryotherapy.

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11
Q

Which HPV commonly cause genital warts?

A

6 and 11

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12
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease:
Signs
Dx
Rx

A

Pelvic pain, deep dyspareunia, irregular menses, IMB/PCB, vaginal discharge. Cervical excitation- motion tenderness, Adnexal discomfort, pyrexia.

Dx- cervical swab - NAAT. Cervical swab for micro. Bi-manual is necessary. Not responding to therapy US or laparoscopy.

Rx - doxycycline, or ofloxacin.
In preg- azithromycin, and metronidazole.

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13
Q

Herpes simplex virus
Signs
Dx
Rx

A

First episode 2-12 days post virus contact - febrile illness, dysuria, painful lymphadenopathy, tingling/neuropathic pain in genitals bum or legs, painful blisters/ulcers (multiple).

Recurrent episodes- neuropathic prodrome (tingling/burning), erthyma, blisters, ulcers. Last 3-4 days.

Dx- PCR HSV swabs.

Rx- 5 days aciclovir, valaciclodar, famciclovir. Bath in salt water.

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14
Q

Causes on genital ulceration?

A
Herpes
Syphillis
LGV
Donovanosis
Chancroid
Bechets syndrome
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15
Q

Urethritis (NSU)
Signs
Dx
Rx

A

Dysuria, discharge, urinary freq

Dx - of exclusion, need to rule out balanitis, penile herpes, warts, cystitis.
NSU - more than 5 leucocytes per high-powered field, on gram stained urethral smear.

Rx- doxycycline or azithromycin.

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16
Q

Epididymitis
Sign
Dx
Rx

A

Unilateral >bilateral. Swelling, pain, erythema of scrotum.

Dx- swab and urine dip.

Cause sti or UTI and treat appropriately. Sti - doxycycline.

17
Q

What are the tests for syphillis?

A

Blood serology- TPHA (treponemal pallidum particle agglutination) or FTA-Abs

Direct - dark ground microscopy of serous fluid