Stimuli And Responses Flashcards
Define taxis
Directional movement in response to a stimulus eg woodlice
Define kenesis
Non directional movement in response to a stimulus.
What are receptors made of and what do they do
Cells , proteins on cell surface membranes and they detect stimuli
What do baroreceptors do
Detect changes in blood pressure
What are effectors and what do they do
Cells that bring about a response to a stimulus to produce an effect they include muscle cells and cells found in glands eg pancreas
How do receptors communicate with effectors
Via the nervous system or hormonal system of both
What do sensory neurons do
Transmit electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS
What do motor neurones do
Transmit electrical impulses from the CNS to effectors
What do relay neurones do
Sensory to motor neurones
What is the pathway of nervous communication
Stimulus - receptors - sensory neurone - CNS- motor neurone - effectors - response
Why is the nervous response deprived as localized
Neurotransmitters are secreted directly onto cells
What is a simple reflex
A rapid involuntary response to a stimulus it does not go through conscious part of brain just spinal chord
What is a tropism
The response of a plant to a directional stimulus
What is phototropism and how do shoots and roots react to it
Growth of a plant in response to light shoots are positively phototrophic roots are negatively phototrophic
What is gravitropism and how do roots and shoots react to it
The growth of a plant in response to gravity shoots are negatively gravitropic and roots are positively gravitropic
What do receptors in the nervous system do
Convert the energy of the stimulus into the electrical energy bused by neurones