sthithapragnakk -- SAA Exam Dumps Jan 24 COPY Flashcards

Question

797 # A company wants to deploy an internal web application on AWS. The web application should only be accessible from the company office. The company needs to download security patches for the web application from the Internet. The company has created a VPC and configured an AWS site-to-site VPN connection to the company office. A solutions architect must design a secure architecture for the web application. What solution will meet these requirements? A. Deploy the web application to Amazon EC2 instances on public subnets behind a public application load balancer (ALB). Connect an Internet gateway to the VPC. Set the ALB security group input source to 0.0.0.0/0. B. Deploy the web application on Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets behind an internal application load balancer (ALB). Deploy NAT gateways on public subnets. Attach an Internet gateway to the VPC. Set the inbound source of the ALB's security group to the company's office network CIDR block. C. Deploy the web application to Amazon EC2 instances on public subnets behind an internal application load balancer (ALB). Implement NAT gateways on private subnets. Connect an Internet gateway to the VPSet, the outbound destination of the ALB security group, to the CIDR block of the company's office network. D. Deploy the web application to Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets behind a public application load balancer (ALB). Connect an Internet gateway to the VPC. Set the ALB security group output destination to 0.0.0.0/0.

Answer 1

B. Deploy the web application on Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets behind an internal application load balancer (ALB). Deploy NAT gateways on public subnets. Attach an Internet gateway to the VPC. Set the inbound source of the ALB's security group to the company's office network CIDR block. - Explanation: This option deploys the web application on private subnets behind an internal ALB, with NAT gateways on public subnets. Allows incoming traffic from the CIDR block of the company's office network. - Pros: Restricts incoming traffic to the company's office network.

Answer 2

D. Copy the records from the application into an Amazon Quantum Ledger database (Amazon QLDB) ledger. - Explanation: Amazon QLDB is designed for ledger-style applications, providing a transparent, immutable, and cryptographically verifiable record of transactions. It is suitable for use cases where an immutable and transparent record of all changes is needed. - Pros: Designed specifically for immutable records and cryptographic verification.

Answer 3

C. Use AWS Glue DataBrew to process the data. Use an AWS Step Functions state machine to run DataBrew data preparation jobs. It provides detailed control over the work order and integrates with Step Functions for workflow orchestration and management. - Explanation: AWS Glue DataBrew can be used for data preparation, and AWS Step Functions can provide orchestration for jobs that must be executed in a specific order. Step Functions can also handle error handling, retry logic, and state management. - Pros: Detailed control over the work order, built-in orchestration capabilities.

Answer 4

C. Use Lambda to retrieve all due payments. Publish the payments to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue. Configure another Lambda function to poll the FIFO queue and process payments due. - Explanation: Similar to Option B, but uses an SQS FIFO queue, which provides one-time ordering and processing. - Pros: Ensures message ordering and processing in one go. Considering the requirement to ensure that the application does not process duplicate payments, **Option C (Amazon SQS FIFO Queue)** appears to be the most appropriate option. It takes advantage of the reliability, ordering and one-time processing features of an SQS FIFO queue, which align with the need to process payments without duplicates. **NOTE:** Option b with regular SQS queue, Potential for message duplication if not handled correctly.

Answer 5

B. Set the home AWS Region in AWS Migration Hub. Use AWS Application Discovery Service to collect data about on-premises servers. AWS ADS is specifically designed to discover detailed information about servers, applications, and dependencies, providing a complete view of the on-premises environment.

Answer 6

A. Deploy an AWS control tower environment in the Organization Management account. Enable AWS Security Hub and AWS Control Tower Account Factory in your environment. Explanation: Deploy AWS Control Tower to the Organization Management Account, enable AWS Security Hub and AWS Control Tower Account Factory. Pros: Centralized deployment to the Organization Management account provides a more efficient way to manage and govern multiple accounts. Simplifies operations and reduces the overhead of implementing and managing the Control Tower in each separate account.

Answer 7

C. Create an AWS Glue crawler to store and retrieve table metadata from the S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to run SQL statements directly on data in your S3 bucket. - **AWS Glue Crawler:** AWS Glue can discover and store metadata about log files using a crawler. The crawler automatically identifies the schema and structure of the data in the S3 bucket, making it easy to query. - **Amazon Athena:** Athena is a serverless query service that allows you to run SQL queries directly on data in Amazon S3. It supports querying data in various formats, including Apache Parquet. Since Athena is serverless, you only pay for the queries you run, making it a cost-effective solution. **Other Options:** Option A (using Amazon Aurora MySQL with AWS DMS) involves unnecessary data migration and may result in increased costs and complexity. Option B (using Amazon Redshift Spectrum) introduces the overhead of managing a Redshift cluster, which might be overkill for occasional SQL analysis. Option D (Using Amazon EMR with Apache Spark SQL) involves setting up and managing an EMR cluster, which may be more complex and expensive than necessary for occasional log file queries.

Answer 8

D. Use a service control policy (SCP) to block actions for the EC2 instances and IAM resources if the actions lead to noncompliance. - **Service Control Policies (SCP):** SCPs are used to set fine-grained permissions for entities in an AWS organization. They allow you to set controls over what actions are allowed or denied on your accounts. In this scenario, an SCP can be created to deny specific actions related to EC2 instances and IAM resources that have inline policies with elevated or "*" access.

Answer 9

B. Configure Amazon EC2 auto-scaling with multiple availability zones on private subnets. E. Configure an application load balancer in a public subnet to distribute web traffic. - **Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling (Option B):** By configuring Auto Scaling with multiple availability zones, you ensure that your web application can automatically adjust the number of instances to handle different levels of demand. This improves availability and scalability. - **Application Load Balancer (Option E):** An application load balancer (ALB) on a public subnet can distribute incoming web traffic across multiple EC2 instances. ALB is designed for high availability and can efficiently handle traffic distribution, improving the overall performance of the web application.

Answer 10

D. Create an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. Enable encryption helpers on the Lambda functions to use the KMS key to store and encrypt environment variables. - AWS Key Management Service (KMS) provides a secure and scalable way to manage keys. You can create a customer managed key (CMK) in AWS KMS to encrypt and decrypt environment variables used in Lambda functions. - By enabling encryption helpers in Lambda functions, you can have Lambda automatically encrypt environment variables using the KMS key. This ensures that environment variables are stored and transmitted securely.

Answer 11

A. Configure an Amazon Cognito user pool for user authentication. Implement Amazon API Gateway REST APIs with a Cognito authorizer. - **Amazon Cognito User Pools:** Amazon Cognito provides a fully managed service for user identity and authentication that easily scales to millions of users. Setting up a Cognito user pool allows you to manage user authentication efficiently. It supports features such as multi-factor authentication and user management. - **Amazon API Gateway REST APIs:** The REST APIs in Amazon API Gateway are well suited for creating APIs that follow RESTful principles. REST APIs in API Gateway can be configured to use a group of Cognito users as an authorizer, providing a secure and scalable solution to verify users before they can access APIs.

Answer 12

D. Create an AWS CloudTrail trail. Configure the trail to deliver the logs to a new Amazon CloudWatch log group. Create a CloudWatch alarm based on the metric filter for the CloudWatch log group. Configure the alarm to use Amazon SNS to notify the administrators when the KMS DeleteKey operation is performed. - **AWS CloudTrail Trail:** Creates a CloudTrail trail to capture events such as KMS key deletion. - **Amazon CloudWatch Regios:** Configures the trace to deliver logs to a CloudWatch log group. - **CloudWatch Metrics Filter:** Creates a metrics filter on the log group to identify events related to KMS key deletion. - **CloudWatch Alarm:** Creates a CloudWatch alarm based on the metrics filter to notify administrators using Amazon SNS when the KMS DeleteKey operation is performed. **Explanation:** - Option D is recommended because it relies on AWS CloudTrail to capture events, which is common practice for auditing AWS API calls. - Uses Amazon CloudWatch logs and metric filters to identify specific events (for example, KMS key deletion). - CloudWatch alarms are used to trigger notifications via Amazon SNS when the defined event occurs. While all options aim to prevent accidental deletion and notify administrators, Option D stands out as a more optimized and AWS-native solution, leveraging CloudTrail, CloudWatch, and SNS for monitoring and alerting.

Answer 13

B. Run the program in AWS Lambda. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to run a Lambda function when reports are requested. - **advantages:** - Serverless execution: AWS Lambda allows you to execute code without provisioning or managing servers. Automatically scales based on demand. - Cost-Efficiency: You pay only for the calculation time consumed during the execution of the function. - Fast execution: Lambda functions can start quickly, and with proper design, can execute tasks in a short period of time. - Event-driven: Integrated with Amazon EventBridge, Lambda can be triggered by events, such as report requests. - **Considerations:** - Lambda has execution time limitations (default maximum is 15 minutes). Please ensure that the reporting process can be completed within this time period. **Explanation:** - AWS Lambda is well suited for short-lived and sporadic tasks, making it an ideal choice for occasional reporting requirement. - With EventBridge, you can trigger Lambda functions based on events, ensuring that the reporting process starts quickly when needed. - This option is cost-effective as you only pay for the actual compute time used during reporting, without the need to keep instances running continuously.

Answer 14

B. Create an Amazon FSx for Luster file system. Configure the file system with scratch storage. D. Launch Amazon EC2 instances. Attach an elastic fabric adapter (EFA) to the instances. **Option B (Amazon FSx for Luster file system):** - **advantages:** - **High-performance file system:** Amazon FSx for Luster provides a high-performance file system optimized for HPC workloads. - **Scratch Storage:** Supports scratch storage, which is important for HPC environments to handle temporary data. - **Considerations:** - Scratch storage is ephemeral, so it is suitable for temporary data, and you may need additional storage solutions for persistent data. **Option D (Amazon EC2 instances with Elastic Fabric Adapter - EFA):** - **advantages:** - **High-performance networking:** Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA) improves networking capabilities, providing a Lower latency communication between instances in an HPC cluster. - **Tightly coupled communication:** EFA enables tightly coupled communication between nodes in an HPC cluster, making it suitable for parallel computing workloads. - **Considerations:** - Ensure your HPC applications and software support EFA for optimal performance.

Answer 15

B. Create an AWS Lambda function that uses Amazon Rekognition to detect unwanted content. Create a Lambda function URL that the web application invokes when new photos are uploaded. - **Advantages:** - **Pre-built ML model:** Amazon Rekognition provides pre-trained models for image analysis, including content moderation to detect unwanted content. - **Serverless Execution:** AWS Lambda allows you to run code without managing servers, making it a scalable and cost-effective solution. - **Considerations:** - You need to handle the response of the Lambda function in the web application based on the content moderation results. **Explanation:** - Option B takes advantage of Amazon Rekognition's capabilities to analyze images for unwanted content. By creating an AWS Lambda function that uses Rekognition, you can easily integrate this content moderation process into your web application workflow without needing to train a custom machine learning model.

Answer 16

B. Add multiple MFA devices for the root user account to handle the disaster scenario. - **Disadvantages:** - **Redundancy:** Adding multiple MFA devices provides redundancy, reducing the risk of losing access if a device is lost. - **Root User Security:** The root user is a powerful account, and securing it with MFA is a recommended best practice. - **Considerations:** - **Device Management:** The company needs to manage multiple MFA devices securely. **Explanation:** - Option B is the most effective solution to address the enterprise requirement to ensure access to the root user account in the event the MFA device is lost. By setting up multiple MFAs Devices for the root user, the company establishes redundancy and any of the configured devices can be used for authentication.

Answer 17

B. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Choose an endpoint protocol. Subscribe the partners to the topic. Publish user IDs to the topic when the company gives points to users. - **Advantages:** - **Scalability:** Amazon SNS is designed to handle high performance and can easily scale to accommodate hundreds of affiliate partners. - **Ease of integration:** Partners can subscribe to the SNS topic, and the company can publish messages on the topic, simplifying the integration process. - **Flexibility:** Supports multiple endpoint protocols, including HTTP, which aligns with partners' requirement to receive notifications over an HTTP endpoint. - **Considerations:** - **Security:** Ensure communication between the business and partners is secure, especially when using HTTP endpoints. **Explanation:** - Option B takes advantage of Amazon SNS, which is a fully managed publish/subscribe service. This solution provides an efficient way for the company to notify multiple partners about user IDs when points are given. Partners can subscribe to the SNS topic using their preferred endpoint protocols, including HTTP, making it a scalable and simple solution.

Answer 18

C. Add additional reader instances to the Aurora cluster. Creates an Amazon RDS Proxy target group for the Aurora cluster. - **Disadvantages:** - **Scalability:** Adding additional reader instances to the Aurora cluster enables horizontal scaling of read capacity, addressing the heavy read load. - **High availability:** Aurora in Multi-AZ mode provides automatic failover for the primary instance, improving availability. - **Amazon RDS Proxy:** RDS Proxy helps manage database connections, improving application scalability and reducing downtime during failovers. - **Considerations:** - **Cost:** While scaling the Aurora cluster horizontally with additional reader instances may incur additional costs, it provides a scalable and highly available solution. **Explanation:** - Option C is a suitable option to improve scalability and availability. By adding additional reader instances, the application can distribute the reading load efficiently. Creating an Amazon RDS Proxy target group further improves the management of database connections, enabling better scalability and reducing downtime during failovers.

Answer 19

A. Use S3 event notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function when PutObject requests occur. Schedule the Lambda function to parse the object and extract ingredient names using Amazon Comprehend. Store the Amazon Comprehend output in the DynamoDB table. This option uses S3 event notifications to trigger a Lambda function when new recipe records are uploaded to the S3 bucket. The Lambda function parses the text using Amazon Comprehend to extract ingredient names. Amazon Comprehend is a natural language processing (NLP) service that can identify entities such as food ingredients. This solution is cost-effective as it only uses AWS Lambda and Amazon Comprehend, both of which offer a pay-as-you-go pricing model. Taking into account cost-effectiveness and compliance with requirements, option A is the most appropriate solution. It leverages AWS Lambda and Amazon Comprehend, offering an efficient and accurate method to extract ingredient names from recipe records while minimizing costs.

Answer 20

B. Create a VPC peering connection between the VPCs that are in the primary account and the secondary account. VPC peering allows communication between VPCs in different AWS accounts using private IP addresses. By creating a VPC peering connection between the VPCs in the primary and secondary accounts, the Lambda function in the primary account can directly access files stored in the EFS file system in the secondary account. This solution eliminates the need for data duplication and synchronization, making it cost-effective and efficient to access files across accounts. Taking into account cost-effectiveness and compliance with requirements, option B is the most suitable solution. Leverages VPC peering to allow direct access to the EFS file system in the secondary account from the Lambda function in the primary account, eliminating the need for data duplication or complex invocations across accounts. This solution is efficient, scalable, and cost-effective for accessing files across AWS accounts.

Answer 21

D. Encrypt the data at the company's data center before storing it in the S3 bucket. In fact, option D would be the closest option to meeting the requirements specified in the documentation provided on client-side encryption. By encrypting data in the company's data center before uploading it to S3, the company can ensure that the data is encrypted before it leaves its environment, thus achieving the goal of client-side encryption. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/UsingClientSideEncryption.html **Other Options:** A. Encrypt the data in the S3 bucket with server-side encryption (SSE) that uses a customer-managed key from the AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). Reassessment: This option focuses on server-side encryption (SSE) with a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in AWS KMS. Encrypts data at rest in the S3 bucket using company-managed keys. However, it does not directly address client-side encryption, where data is encrypted locally before transmission to S3. While this option ensures encryption at rest, it does not use client-side encryption as described in the provided documentation.

Answer 22

D. Create an Amazon API Gateway API. Integrate the API with AWS Lambda to receive payment notifications from mobile devices. Invokes a Lambda function to validate payment notifications and send the notifications to the backend application. Deploy the backend application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Configure Amazon ECS with an AWS Fargate launch type. D. Amazon API Gateway with AWS Lambda and Amazon ECS with Fargate: ● Amazon API Gateway: Receives payment notifications. ● AWS Lambda: Used for basic validation of payment notifications. ● Amazon ECS with Fargate: Offers serverless container orchestration, eliminating the need to manage infrastructure. ● Operational Overhead: This option involves the least operational overhead as it leverages fully managed services like AWS Lambda and Fargate, where AWS manages the underlying infrastructure. Given the requirement for the least operational overhead, Option D is the most suitable. It leverages fully managed services (AWS Lambda and Amazon ECS with Fargate) for handling payment notifications and running the backend application, minimizing the operational burden on the company. **Other Options:** ● Amazon API Gateway: Receives payment notifications. ● AWS Lambda: Used for basic validation of payment notifications. ● Amazon ECS with Fargate: Offers serverless container orchestration, eliminating the need to manage infrastructure. ● Operational Overhead: This option involves the least operational overhead as it leverages fully managed services like AWS Lambda and Fargate, where AWS manages the underlying infrastructure. Given the requirement for the least operational overhead, Option D is the most suitable. It leverages fully managed services (AWS Lambda and Amazon ECS with Fargate) for handling payment notifications and running the backend application, minimizing the operational burden on the company.

Answer 23

A. Configure Amazon Cognito user pools for user authentication with risk-based adaptive authentication and MFA: ● Amazon Cognito User Pools: Provides user authentication and management service. ● Risk-based Adaptive Authentication: Allows you to define authentication rules based on user behavior, such as inconsistent geographical locations, IP addresses, or devices. ● Multi-factor Authentication (MFA): Enhances security by requiring users to provide two or more verification factors. ● Scalability: Amazon Cognito is designed to scale to accommodate millions of users. ● Explanation: This option aligns well with the requirements as it leverages Amazon Cognito's risk-based adaptive authentication feature to detect suspicious activities based on user behavior and trigger MFA when necessary. Additionally, Amazon Cognito is highly scalable and suitable for accommodating millions of users.

Answer 24

C. Run an AWS Glue daily job to transform the data and load it into Amazon Redshift Serverless. Use Amazon Redshift ML to create and train ML models. The only data warehouse solution that is a serverless that is available on AWS is redshift. Option C, where we are using to serverless glue job to transform the data, which is a serverless option, Amazon Redshift serverless, which is a serverless data warehouse option. And you can use redshift machine learning to create and train ml models using SQL. **Other Options:** Amazon EMR is not a serverless service, you have to provision EMR and then you can create EMR jobs. That's fast, based on that. Second one redshift it's not serverless. You have Amazon Redshift serverless that serverless. So, that is another reason I would eliminate this one. Okay, so if you are thinking about Amazon EMR serverless, what is the service? Well, glue, AWS glue, right. AWS glue is nothing but behind the scenes. You have you run EMR jobs, but you don't have to provision it. And right now, I think there is another version called EMR serverless, as well, just like redshift. But anyways, you can cancel this out and be not just for EMR. Aurora, Aurora is not a data warehouse solution. So you can cross that out. And you can cross d out because Athena is not a data warehouse solution. Okay, so for that reason, you can cancel out that

Answer 25

C. Install an AWS Outposts rack in the company data center. ● AWS Outposts: AWS Outposts brings native AWS services, infrastructure, and operating models to virtually any data center, co-location space, or on-premises facility. With AWS Outposts, companies can run AWS infrastructure and services locally on premises and use the same APIs, control plane, tools, and hardware on-premises as in the AWS cloud. ● By installing an AWS Outposts rack in the company's data center, the company can leverage Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service) and other AWS managed services while ensuring that all data remains within the local data center, meeting compliance requirements. ● AWS Outposts provides a consistent hybrid experience with seamless integration with AWS services, allowing the company to run containerized workloads in the local Kubernetes environment alongside AWS services without data leaving the local premises.

Answer 26

B. Set up an AWS Storage Gateway, Amazon S3 File Gateway. Use an Amazon S3 lifecycle policy to transition data to the appropriate storage class. ● File Gateway allows applications to store files as objects in Amazon S3 while accessing them through a Network File System (NFS) interface. ● Similar to Option A, this solution involves using Amazon S3 Lifecycle policies to transition data to the appropriate storage class. ● Cost-effectiveness: This option could be more cost-effective compared to Option A, as it eliminates the need for managing EBS snapshots and associated costs. Considering cost-effectiveness and the ability to meet the requirements, Option B (AWS Storage Gateway Amazon S3 File Gateway with Amazon S3 Lifecycle Policy) seems to be the most cost-effective solution. It leverages Amazon S3's scalability and cost-effectiveness while using Storage Gateway to seamlessly integrate with the company's existing NFS storage. **Other Options:** A. AWS Storage Gateway Volume Gateway with Amazon S3 Lifecycle Policy: ● With Volume Gateway, on-premises applications can use block storage in the form of volumes that are stored as Amazon EBS snapshots. ● This option allows the company to store data in on-premises NFS storage and synchronize it with Amazon S3 using Storage Gateway. Amazon S3 Lifecycle policies can be used to transition the data to the appropriate storage class, such as S3 Standard-IA or S3 Intelligent-Tiering. ● Cost-effectiveness: This option may incur additional costs for maintaining the Storage Gateway Volume Gateway and EBS snapshots, which might not be the most cost-effective solution depending on the volume of data and frequency of access.

Answer 27

D. Configure provisioned concurrency for Lambda functions. Increase memory according to AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations. ● Provisioned concurrency can help maintain low latency by pre-warming Lambda functions. ● Increasing memory might improve performance for CPU-intensive tasks. ● AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations can guide in optimizing resources for cost and performance. ● This option combines the benefits of provisioned concurrency for low latency and AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations for cost optimization and performance improvement. **Other Options:** B. Configure reserved concurrency for the Lambda functions. Increase the memory according to AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations: ● Reserved concurrency helps control costs by limiting the number of concurrent executions. ● Increasing memory might improve performance for CPU-intensive tasks if the Lambda functions are memory-bound. ● AWS Compute Optimizer provides recommendations for optimizing resources based on utilization metrics. ● This option addresses both cost optimization and potential performance improvements based on recommendations.

Answer 28

A. Use Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) as a private image repository to store the container images. Specify the scan on the push filters for the basic ECR scan. ● Amazon ECR supports scanning container images for vulnerabilities using its built-in scan on push feature. ● With scan on push filters, every new image pushed to the repository triggers a scan for vulnerabilities. ● This option requires minimal changes to the existing ECS setup as it leverages Amazon ECR, which is commonly used with ECS for storing container images. ● It directly integrates with the container image repository without additional services. **NOTE:** the other options might be technically feasible, but each adds more changes.

Answer 29

A. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to match incoming AWS Batch job SUCCEEDED events. Configure the third-party API as an EventBridge API destination with a username and password. Set the API destination as the EventBridge rule target. **Other Options:** ● This option aligns well with using CloudWatch Events to trigger actions based on AWS Batch job state changes. ● By configuring an EventBridge rule to match AWS Batch job success events and sending them to an API destination (the third-party API with username and password authentication), you can achieve the desired outcome efficiently. ● EventBridge provides seamless integration with various AWS services, including AWS Batch and API Gateway, making it a suitable choice for event-driven architectures. ● Overall, this option remains a strong contender for meeting the requirements effectively. B. Configure EventBridge Scheduler with an AWS Lambda function: ● While EventBridge Scheduler allows triggering events at specific times or intervals, it may not be the best fit for triggering actions based on job completion events like AWS Batch job success. ● Using a Lambda function as a target for EventBridge Scheduler adds unnecessary complexity and may not align well with the event-driven nature of the requirement. ● Therefore, this option is less suitable compared to Option A. C. Configure AWS Batch job to publish events to an Amazon API Gateway REST API: ● This option involves publishing AWS Batch job success events to an API Gateway REST API. ● While it's feasible, it introduces additional complexity by requiring setup and management of API Gateway resources. ● Directly invoking the third-party API from CloudWatch Events (Option A) is more straightforward and aligns better with the requirements. D. Configure AWS Batch job to publish events to an Amazon API Gateway REST API with a proxy integration to AWS Lambda: ● This option adds an extra layer of indirection by invoking an AWS Lambda function through API Gateway. ● While it offers flexibility, it increases complexity without significant benefits over directly invoking the third-party API from CloudWatch Events. ● Therefore, it's less preferable compared to Option A.

Answer 30

C. Instruct the vendor to create a network load balancer (NLB). Place the NLB in front of the Amazon RDS for MySQL database. Use AWS PrivateLink to integrate your company's VPC and the vendor's VPC. ● This solution involves the vendor setting up a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the RDS database and using AWS PrivateLink to integrate the company's VPC and the vendor's VPC. ● AWS PrivateLink provides private connectivity between VPCs without requiring internet gateways, VPN connections, or Direct Connect. ● By using PrivateLink, the company can securely access resources in the vendor's VPC without exposing them to the public internet. ● Overall, this solution provides secure and private connectivity between the VPCs without the need for complex networking setups, making it a strong contender for meeting the requirements. **Other Options:** A. AWS Hosted Connection Direct Connect Program with VPC peering: ● This solution involves the vendor signing up for the AWS Hosted Connection Direct Connect Program, which establishes a dedicated connection between the company's VPC and the vendor's VPC. ● VPC peering is then used to connect the two VPCs, allowing traffic to flow securely between them. ● While this solution provides a direct and secure connection between the VPCs, it requires coordination with the vendor to set up the direct connect connection, which might introduce additional complexity and dependencies. ● Overall, this solution can be effective but might involve more coordination and setup effort. B. Client VPN connection with VPC peering: ● This solution involves setting up a client VPN connection between the company's VPC and the vendor's VPC, allowing secure access to resources in the vendor's VPC. ● VPC peering is then used to establish connectivity between the two VPCs. ● While this solution provides secure access to the vendor's resources, setting up and managing a client VPN connection might introduce additional overhead and complexity. ● Moreover, client VPN connections are typically used for remote access scenarios, and using them for inter-VPC communication might not be the most straightforward approach. ● Overall, this solution might be less optimal due to the additional complexity and overhead of managing a client VPN connection. D. AWS Transit Gateway with VPC peering: ● This solution involves using AWS Transit Gateway to integrate the company's VPC and the vendor's VPC, allowing for centralized management and routing of traffic between multiple VPCs. ● VPC peering is then used to establish connectivity between the company's VPC and the vendor's VPC. ● While AWS Transit Gateway provides centralized management and routing capabilities, it might introduce additional complexity and overhead, especially if the setup is not already in place. ● Additionally, since the company's VPC does not have internet access, Transit Gateway might not be the most straightforward solution for this scenario. ● Overall, while Transit Gateway offers scalability and flexibility, it might be overkill for the specific requirement of accessing a single RDS database in the vendor's VPC. Considering the requirements and the constraints specified (no internet gateway, Direct Connect, or VPN connection), Option C (using a Network Load Balancer with AWS PrivateLink) appears to be the most suitable solution. It provides secure and private connectivity between the VPCs without the need for complex networking setups and dependencies on external services.

Answer 31

It appears B or C both can work. B. Create an Amazon Managed Grafana workspace in a VPC. Create a private endpoint for the RDS database. Configure the private endpoint as a data source in Amazon Managed Grafana. ● This solution involves creating an Amazon Managed Grafana workspace in a VPC and configuring it with a private endpoint, ensuring that it is not accessible over the public internet. ● The RDS database also has a private endpoint within the same VPC, ensuring that data transfer between Grafana and RDS remains within the AWS network and does not traverse the public internet. ● By using private endpoints and keeping the communication within the VPC, this option provides a more secure solution compared to Option A. ● Overall, this option aligns well with the requirement for a secure solution that does not expose the data over the internet. **Other Options:** C. Public Amazon Managed Grafana workspace with AWS PrivateLink to RDS: ● This solution involves creating an Amazon Managed Grafana workspace without a VPC but establishing a connection between Grafana and RDS using AWS PrivateLink. ● AWS PrivateLink allows private connectivity between services across different VPCs or accounts without exposing the data over the internet. ● While this option could leverage AWS PrivateLink for secure communication between Grafana and RDS, it is designed for other uses: AWS PrivateLink provides private connectivity between virtual private clouds (VPCs), supported AWS services, and your on-premises networks without exposing your traffic to the public internet. Interface VPC endpoints, powered by PrivateLink, connect you to services hosted by AWS Partners and supported solutions available in AWS Marketplace.

Answer 32

C. Configure AWS Glue DataBrew to transform the data. Share the transformation steps with employees using DataBrew recipes. ● AWS Glue DataBrew is a visual data preparation tool that allows users to clean and transform data without writing code. ● DataBrew provides an intuitive interface for creating data transformation recipes, making it accessible to users without coding expertise. ● Users can easily share transformation steps (recipes) with employees by using DataBrew's collaboration features. ● DataBrew also offers data lineage and data profiling capabilities, ensuring visibility into data transformations. ● Overall, this option aligns well with the requirements, providing a code-free solution for data transformation, along with data lineage, data profiling, and easy sharing of transformation steps. While Option A provides a graphical interface and could provide the solution without coding, it still requires work by the employees and isn't as "prebuilt" as DataBrew.

Answer 33

A. Create an A record for the development website that has the value set in the ALB. Create a listener rule on the ALB that forwards requests for the development website to the target group that contains the development instance. ● This option sets up a DNS record pointing to the ALB, ensuring that requests for the development website are routed to the load balancer. ● By creating a listener rule on the ALB, requests for the development website can be forwarded to the target group containing the development instance. ● This setup allows for automatic routing to the development instance even if it is replaced, as long as the instance is registered in the target group. **Other Options:** C. Create an A Record for the development website pointing to the ALB, with a listener rule to redirect requests to the public IP of the development instance: ● Similar to Option A, this option uses an A Record to point to the ALB and creates a listener rule to handle requests for the development website. ● However, instead of forwarding requests to the target group, it redirects them to the public IP of the development instance. ● While this setup may work, it introduces complexity and potential performance overhead due to the redirection, and it may not provide seamless failover if the development instance is replaced.

Answer 34

B. Migrate the container application to Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). Use Amazon MQ to retrieve messages. ● Amazon MQ supports industry-standard messaging protocols, including AMQP, making it a suitable option for applications that require AMQP support. ● By using Amazon EKS for container orchestration and Amazon MQ for message queuing, the company can meet the requirements while minimizing operational overhead. **NOTE:** SQS does not support AMQP.

Answer 35

D. Create a standard accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator. Configure the existing NLBs as destination endpoints. ● AWS Global Accelerator is a networking service that improves the availability and performance of your applications with local and global traffic load balancing, as well as health checks. ● By configuring the existing NLBs as target endpoints in Global Accelerator, traffic can be intelligently routed over AWS's global network to the closest entry point to the AWS network, reducing the end-to-end load time for customers globally. ● This solution provides a centralized approach to optimize global traffic flow without requiring changes to the existing infrastructure setup. Considering the requirement to reduce end-to-end load time for the global customer base, option D, utilizing AWS Global Accelerator, would be the most effective solution. It provides a centralized and efficient way to optimize traffic routing globally, leading to improved customer experience with reduced latency.

Answer 36

B. Create an AWS Transfer Family endpoint for vendors that use legacy applications. ● AWS Transfer Family provides fully managed SFTP, FTPS, and FTP servers for easy migration of file transfer workloads to AWS. ● With AWS Transfer Family, you can create SFTP endpoints that allow vendors with legacy applications to upload data securely to Amazon S3 using their existing SFTP clients. ● This solution eliminates the need for managing infrastructure or servers, as AWS handles the underlying infrastructure, scaling, and maintenance.

Answer 37

C. Provide the extracted insights to Amazon Comprehend for analysis. Save the analysis to an Amazon S3 bucket. ● Amazon Comprehend is a fully managed natural language processing (NLP) service that can perform sentiment analysis on text data. ● Sending the extracted insights directly to Comprehend for sentiment analysis reduces operational overhead as Comprehend handles the analysis. ● Saving the analysis results to S3 allows for further storage and downstream processing if needed. ● This approach minimizes the need for additional setup or management, as Comprehend is fully managed by AWS.

Answer 38

A. Create Amazon Kinesis data streams for data ingestion. Create Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery streams to consume Kinesis data streams. Specify the S3 bucket as the destination for delivery streams. ● Kinesis Data Streams is well-suited for real-time data ingestion scenarios, allowing applications to ingest and process large streams of data in real time. ● Data Firehose can then deliver the processed data to S3, providing scalability and reliability for data delivery. ● This solution is suitable for handling continuous streams of data from third-party applications in real time. Considering the requirement for the least operational overhead, option C is the most suitable. It leverages Amazon Comprehend, a fully managed service for sentiment analysis, and stores the results in S3 for easy access and further processing without the need for additional setup or management overhead.

Answer 39

B. Store the large data as objects in an Amazon S3 bucket. In a DynamoDB table, create an item that has an attribute that points to the S3 URL of the data. ● This approach leverages the scalability and cost-effectiveness of Amazon S3 for storing large objects. ● DynamoDB stores metadata or pointers to the objects in S3, allowing efficient retrieval when needed. ● It's a commonly used pattern for handling large payloads in DynamoDB, providing a scalable and efficient solution. Storing large data in Amazon S3 and referencing them in DynamoDB allows leveraging the scalability and cost-effectiveness of S3 for storing large objects while keeping DynamoDB lightweight and efficient for metadata and quick lookups. This approach simplifies data management, retrieval, and scalability, making it a practical and efficient solution for handling large data volumes in DynamoDB.

Answer 40

C. Create a container image for the cron jobs. Use Amazon EventBridge Scheduler to create a recurring schedule. Run the cron job tasks on AWS Fargate. ● This option aligns with the recommended approach in the provided resource. It suggests using Fargate to run the containerized cron jobs triggered by EventBridge Scheduler. Fargate provides serverless compute for containers, allowing for easy scaling and management without the need to provision or manage servers. Based on the provided information and the recommended approach in the resource, option C appears to be the most suitable solution. It leverages Amazon EventBridge Scheduler for scheduling and AWS Fargate for running the containerized cron jobs, providing a scalable and efficient solution with minimal operational overhead.

Answer 41

C. Create an AWS PrivateLink connection in the VPC to Salesforce. Use Amazon AppFlow to transfer data. AWS PrivateLink Connection: AWS PrivateLink allows you to securely connect your VPC to supported AWS services and Salesforce privately, without using the public internet. This ensures data transfer occurs over private connections, enhancing security and compliance. Amazon AppFlow: Amazon AppFlow is a fully managed integration service that enables you to securely transfer data between AWS services and SaaS applications like Salesforce. It provides pre-built connectors for Salesforce, simplifying the data transfer process without the need for custom development. Least Development Effort: Option C offers the least development effort because it leverages the capabilities of AWS PrivateLink and Amazon AppFlow, which are managed services. You do not need to build or maintain custom VPN connections (Option A and B) or manage VPC peering connections (Option D). Instead, you can quickly set up the PrivateLink connection and configure data transfer using AppFlow's user-friendly interface, reducing development time and effort. Therefore, Option C is the most efficient solution with the least development effort while meeting the company's requirement to securely transfer data from Salesforce to Amazon Redshift without using the public internet.

Answer 42

A. Create an Amazon S3 bucket that uses a Intelligent-Tiering lifecycle policy. Copy all files to S3 bucket. Update the application to use the Amazon S3 API to store and retrieve files. - Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering: This option leverages S3 Intelligent-Tiering, which automatically moves objects between two access tiers: frequent access and infrequent access, based on their access patterns. This can help optimize storage costs by moving less frequently accessed data to the infrequent access tier. - Application Update: The application needs to be updated to use the Amazon S3 API for storing and retrieving files instead of Amazon EFS. This requires development effort to modify the application's file storage logic. - Cost-Effectiveness: This option can be cost-effective as it leverages S3 Intelligent-Tiering, which automatically adjusts storage costs based on access patterns. However, it requires effort to migrate data from Amazon EFS to S3 and update the application. Among the options, Option A (using Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering) appears to be the most cost-effective solution as it leverages S3 Intelligent-Tiering's automatic tiering based on access patterns, potentially reducing storage costs without significant application changes. However, the specific choice depends on factors such as the application's compatibility with S3 APIs and the effort involved in migrating data and updating the application logic.

Answer 43

C. Use an application load balancer with a certificate attached from AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). Use query parameters-based routing. ● Application Load Balancer (ALB) is designed to route traffic at the application layer (Layer 7) of the OSI model. It supports advanced routing features such as HTTP and HTTPS traffic routing based on various attributes, including HTTP headers, URL paths, and query parameters. ● ACM Certificate can be attached to ALB to ensure that traffic to the load balancer is encrypted. ● ALB supports query parameter-based routing, allowing you to route traffic based on specific parameters within the HTTP request. This aligns with the requirement for routing traffic based on query strings. Option C (Use an Application Load Balancer with query parameter-based routing and ACM certificate) aligns with the requirements of ensuring seamless communication with backend services and routing traffic based on query strings. ALB's support for query parameter-based routing makes it suitable for the scenario described, providing flexibility and ease of configuration for routing traffic based on specific criteria. https://exampleloadbalancer.com/advanced_request_routing_queryparam_overview.html

Answer 44

C. Deploy the application to EC2 instances that run in an auto-scaling group behind an application load balancer. Create an Amazon Aurora serverless MySQL cluster for the database layer. ● High Availability: Amazon Aurora automatically replicates data across multiple Availability Zones, providing built-in high availability. This ensures that the database remains accessible even in the event of an AZ failure. ● Scalability: Amazon Aurora Serverless automatically adjusts database capacity based on application demand, scaling compute and storage capacity up or down. This provides seamless scalability without the need for manual intervention.

Answer 45

A. Migrate data to the S3 bucket. Use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 Managed Keys (SSE-S3). Use the built-in key rotation behavior of SSE-S3 encryption keys. ● Encryption at Rest: Server-side encryption with S3 managed keys (SSE-S3) automatically encrypts objects at rest in S3 using strong encryption. ● Automatic Key Rotation: SSE-S3 keys are managed by AWS, and key rotation is handled automatically without any additional configuration or operational overhead. ● Operational Overhead: This option has the least operational overhead as key rotation is automatically managed by AWS. Based on the evaluation, Option A (SSE-S3 with automatic key rotation) meets the requirements with the least operational overhead, as it leverages AWS-managed keys with automatic key rotation, eliminating the need for manual key management tasks.

Answer 46

B. Enable AWS IAM Identity Center. Set up a two-way forest trust relationship to connect the company's self-managed Active Directory with IAM Identity Center by using AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory. ● This option involves establishing a trust relationship between the company's on-premises Active Directory and AWS IAM Identity Center using AWS Directory Service for Microsoft AD. ● It allows for single sign-on across AWS accounts by leveraging the existing on-premises Active Directory for user authentication. ● With a two-way trust relationship, users and groups managed in the on-premises Active Directory can be used to access AWS resources without needing to duplicate user management efforts. Based on the requirements and evaluation, Option B (establishing a two-way trust relationship between the company's on-premises Active Directory and AWS IAM Identity Center) appears to be the most suitable solution. It allows for single sign-on across AWS accounts while leveraging the existing user management capabilities of the on-premises Active Directory. **Other Options:** A. Create an Enterprise Edition Active Directory in AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory. Configure the Active Directory to be the identity source for AWS IAM Identity Center. ● This option involves deploying an AWS Managed Microsoft AD in AWS Directory Service and configuring it as the identity source for IAM Identity Center. ● While this setup can provide integration between AWS IAM and the AWS Managed Microsoft AD, it does not directly integrate with the company's on-premises Active Directory. ● Users and groups from the on-premises Active Directory would need to be synchronized or manually managed in the AWS Managed Microsoft AD, which could add complexity and overhead. C. Use AWS Directory Service and create a two-way trust relationship with the company's self-managed Active Directory. ● Similar to option B, this option involves establishing a trust relationship between the company's on-premises Active Directory and AWS Directory Service. ● However, AWS Directory Service does not inherently provide IAM Identity Center capabilities. Additional configuration would be needed to integrate with IAM for single sign-on across AWS accounts. D. Deploy an identity provider (IdP) on Amazon EC2. Link the IdP as an identity source within AWS IAM Identity Center. ● This option involves deploying and managing an identity provider (IdP) on Amazon EC2, which adds operational overhead. ● It also requires manual configuration to link the IdP as an identity source within AWS IAM Identity Center. ● While it's technically feasible, it may not be the most efficient or scalable solution compared to utilizing AWS Directory Service or IAM Identity Center directly.

Answer 47

C. Configure the cluster storage type to General Purpose. Based on the requirements for optimizing storage performance while maintaining cost-effectiveness, Option C (configuring the cluster storage type as General Purpose) seems to be the most suitable choice. It offers a good balance between performance and cost, making it well-suited for handling varying levels of traffic without incurring excessive expenses. Configure the cluster storage type as General Purpose. ● General Purpose storage provides a baseline level of performance with the ability to burst to higher levels when needed. ● It offers a good balance of performance and cost, making it suitable for workloads with varying levels of activity. ● This option can provide adequate performance for the application while optimizing costs, especially if the workload experiences periodic spikes in traffic. **Other Options:** A. Configure the cluster to use the Aurora Standard storage configuration. ● The Aurora Standard storage configuration provides a balance of performance and cost. ● It dynamically adjusts storage capacity based on the workload's needs. ● However, it may not provide the highest level of performance during peak traffic periods, as it prioritizes cost-effectiveness over performance. B. Configure the cluster storage type as Provisioned IOPS. ● Provisioned IOPS (input/output operations per second) allows you to specify a consistent level of I/O performance by provisioning a specific amount of IOPS. ● While this option ensures predictable performance, it may not be the most cost-effective solution, especially if the application workload varies significantly over time. ● Provisioned IOPS typically incurs higher costs compared to other storage types. D. Configure the cluster to use the Aurora I/O-Optimized storage configuration. ● Aurora I/O-Optimized storage is designed to deliver high levels of I/O performance for demanding workloads. ● It is optimized for applications with high throughput and low latency requirements. ● While this option may provide the best performance, it may also come with higher costs compared to other storage configurations.

Answer 48

D. Designate one account as the AWS Security Hub delegated administrator account from the organization management account. In the designated Security Hub administrator account, enable Security Hub for all member accounts. Enable Security Hub standards for NIST and PCI DSS. D. AWS Security Hub (Correct): ● Explanation: This option designates one AWS account as the AWS Security Hub delegated administrator account and enables Security Hub for all member accounts within the organization. NIST and PCI DSS standards are enabled for compliance checks. ● Why it's correct: AWS Security Hub is specifically designed for centralized security monitoring and compliance checks across AWS environments. It aggregates findings from various security services and third-party tools, providing a comprehensive view of security alerts and compliance status. By enabling Security Hub standards for NIST and PCI DSS, the company can ensure continuous evaluation of its security posture against these industry standards across all AWS accounts within the organization. In summary, option D (AWS Security Hub) is the correct choice for meeting the company's requirements of monitoring security controls across multiple AWS accounts while ensuring compliance with industry standards like NIST and PCI DSS. It offers centralized monitoring, comprehensive security insights, and continuous compliance checks, making it the most suitable solution for the scenario provided. **Other Options:** A. Amazon Inspector (Incorrect): ● Explanation: This option involves designating one AWS account as the Amazon Inspector delegated administrator account and integrating it with AWS Organizations. Inspector would be used to discover and scan resources across all AWS accounts, with NIST and PCI DSS industry standards enabled for security assessments. ● Why it's incorrect: While Amazon Inspector can perform security assessments, it's primarily focused on host and application-level vulnerabilities. While it can provide valuable insights into specific vulnerabilities, it may not offer the comprehensive monitoring and compliance checks required across the entire AWS environment. Additionally, Inspector is not optimized for continuous monitoring and compliance reporting across multiple accounts. B. Amazon GuardDuty (Incorrect): ● Explanation: This option designates one AWS account as the GuardDuty delegated administrator account, enabling GuardDuty to protect all member accounts within the organization. NIST and PCI DSS industry standards are enabled for threat detection. ● Why it's incorrect: Amazon GuardDuty is a threat detection service rather than a comprehensive compliance monitoring tool. While it can detect suspicious activity and potential threats, it may not provide the extensive compliance checks needed to ensure adherence to industry standards like NIST and PCI DSS. GuardDuty is more focused on detecting malicious activity rather than ensuring compliance with specific security standards. C. AWS CloudTrail (Incorrect): ● Explanation: This option involves configuring an AWS CloudTrail organization trail in the Organizations management account and designating one account as the compliance account. CloudTrail security standards for NIST and PCI DSS are enabled in the compliance account. ● Why it's incorrect: While AWS CloudTrail is essential for auditing and logging AWS API activity, it's primarily focused on providing an audit trail rather than actively monitoring and ensuring compliance. CloudTrail can capture API activity and changes made to AWS resources, but it may not offer the comprehensive compliance checks and real-time monitoring capabilities needed to ensure adherence to industry standards across multiple accounts.

Answer 49

A. Create an S3 lifecycle rule to transition objects to the S3 intelligent tiering storage class. ● S3 Intelligent-Tiering automatically moves objects between two access tiers: frequent access and infrequent access. ● Objects that are frequently accessed remain in the frequent access tier, providing immediate availability. ● Objects that are infrequently accessed are moved to the infrequent access tier, reducing storage costs. ● This option provides a balance between cost optimization and immediate availability for frequently accessed objects without requiring manual management of storage classes. Based on the requirements for reducing storage costs and providing immediate availability for frequently accessed objects in a data lake scenario, Option A (Create an S3 Lifecycle rule to transition objects to the S3 Intelligent-Tiering storage class) appears to be the most operationally efficient solution. It automatically manages the storage tiers based on access patterns, optimizing costs while ensuring immediate availability for frequently accessed data without the need for manual intervention or complex setups. **Other Options:** B. Store objects in Amazon S3 Glacier. Use S3 Select to provide applications with access to the data. ● Storing objects in Amazon S3 Glacier offers the lowest storage costs among S3 storage classes. ● However, retrieving data from Glacier can have retrieval latency, which may not meet the requirement for immediate availability for frequently accessed objects. ● Using S3 Select allows applications to retrieve specific data from objects stored in Glacier without needing to restore the entire object. ● While this option offers cost savings, it may not provide the required immediate availability for frequently accessed objects. C. Use data from S3 storage class analysis to create S3 Lifecycle rules to automatically transition objects to the S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage class. ● S3 storage class analysis provides insights into the access patterns of objects, helping identify objects that are candidates for transition to the infrequent access storage class. ● Automatically transitioning objects to S3 Standard-IA reduces storage costs for infrequently accessed data while maintaining availability. ● This option efficiently optimizes storage costs based on access patterns without manual intervention. D. Transition objects to the S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage class. Create an AWS Lambda function to transition objects to the S3 Standard storage class when they are accessed by an application. ● Transitioning objects to S3 Standard-IA reduces storage costs for infrequently accessed data. ● Using an AWS Lambda function to transition objects back to the S3 Standard storage class when accessed by an application ensures immediate availability for frequently accessed objects. ● However, this approach adds complexity with the need to manage and maintain the Lambda function, and it may not be as operationally efficient as other options.

Answer 50

B. Use Amazon Neptune to store the data sets with edges and vertices. Query at the data to find connections. B. Use Amazon Neptune to store the datasets with edges and vertices. Query the data to find connections. ● Amazon Neptune is a fully managed graph database service that is optimized for storing and querying graph data. ● Graph databases like Neptune are specifically designed to handle complex relationships such as many-to-many relationships and multi-level connections efficiently. ● With Neptune, you can use graph traversal algorithms to find mutual connections up to five levels with high performance. ● This solution is well-suited for the requirements of efficiently querying complex relationship data. Based on the requirements for efficiently finding mutual connections up to five levels in a dataset with many-to-many relationships, Option B (Use Amazon Neptune to store the datasets with edges and vertices) is the most suitable solution. Neptune is specifically designed for handling graph data and complex relationship queries efficiently, making it well-suited for this scenario. **Other Options:** A. Use an Amazon S3 bucket to store the datasets. Use Amazon Athena to perform SQL JOIN queries to find connections. ● Amazon Athena allows you to run SQL queries directly on data stored in Amazon S3, making it suitable for querying large datasets. ● However, performing complex JOIN operations on large datasets might not be the most efficient approach, especially when dealing with many-to-many relationships and multiple levels of connections. ● While Amazon Athena is capable of handling SQL JOINs, the performance may not be optimal for complex relationship queries involving multiple levels. C. Use an Amazon S3 bucket to store the datasets. Use Amazon QuickSight to visualize connections. ● Amazon QuickSight is a business intelligence (BI) service that allows you to visualize and analyze data. ● While QuickSight can visualize connections, it is not designed for performing complex relationship queries like finding mutual connections up to five levels. ● This solution may provide visualization capabilities but lacks the necessary querying capabilities for the given requirements. D. Use Amazon RDS to store the datasets with multiple tables. Perform SQL JOIN queries to find connections. ● Amazon RDS is a managed relational database service that supports SQL JOIN queries. ● Similar to Option A, while RDS supports JOIN operations, it may not be the most efficient approach for querying complex relationship data with many-to-many relationships and multiple levels of connections. ● RDS might struggle with performance when dealing with large datasets and complex queries.

Answer 51

D. Implement an AWS site-to-site VPN connection.

Answer 52

C. Create an AWS Transfer Family server with SFTP endpoints. Choose the AWS Directory Service option as the identity provider. Use AD Connector to connect the on-premises Active Directory. ● This option utilizes AWS Transfer Family, which simplifies the setup of SFTP endpoints and supports integration with AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory. ● By using AD Connector, it enables seamless authentication against the on-premises Active Directory without the need to change user credentials. ● This approach minimizes operational overhead and provides a straightforward solution for migrating the file transfer solution to AWS. Based on the requirement to seamlessly integrate with the existing on-premises Active Directory without changing user credentials and minimizing operational overhead, Option C is the most suitable choice. It leverages AWS Transfer Family with AD Connector to achieve this integration efficiently. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/transfer/latest/userguide/directory-services-users.html#dir-services-ms-ad **Other Options:** A. Configure an S3 File Gateway. Create SMB file shares on the file gateway that use the existing Active Directory to authenticate. ● This option involves using AWS Storage Gateway to create an S3 File Gateway, which enables accessing objects in S3 via SMB shares. Users can authenticate using their existing Active Directory credentials. ● The operational overhead is relatively low as it leverages existing Active Directory credentials for authentication. ● However, this option doesn't directly support SFTP file transfers, which may be a requirement in some scenarios. B. Configure an Auto Scaling group with Amazon EC2 instances to run an SFTP solution. Configure the group to scale up at 60% CPU utilization. ● This option involves setting up and managing EC2 instances to host an SFTP solution. ● It offers flexibility and control over the SFTP environment, but it comes with higher operational overhead, including managing server instances, scaling, and maintenance. ● Additionally, it may require additional configurations for integrating with Active Directory for user authentication. D. Create an AWS Transfer Family SFTP endpoint. Configure the endpoint to use the AWS Directory Service option as the identity provider to connect to the existing Active Directory. ● Similar to Option C, this option involves using AWS Transfer Family for setting up SFTP endpoints and integrating with AWS Directory Service. ● However, it connects to an AWS-managed Active Directory (AWS Managed Microsoft AD) rather than the on-premises Active Directory, which might not align with the requirement to use existing on-premises credentials.

Answer 53

C. Create an Amazon EventBridge event bus. Create an event rule for each validation step. Configure the input transformer to send only the required data to each target validation step Lambda function. C. Amazon EventBridge Event Bus Approach: ● EventBridge allows creating event rules for each validation step and configuring input transformers to send only the required data to each target Lambda function. ● This approach provides loose coupling and enables fine-grained control over the event data sent to each validation step Lambda function. ● EventBridge's input transformation capabilities make it suitable for this scenario, as it allows for extracting subsets of event data efficiently. Evaluation: Given the requirement for loosely coupled components and the need to provide each validation step Lambda function with only the necessary data, Option C, utilizing Amazon EventBridge Event Bus with input transformation, appears to be the most suitable solution. It offers the flexibility to tailor event data for each validation step efficiently while maintaining loose coupling between components. **Other Options:** A. Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) Approach: ● In this approach, each validation step has its own SQS queue, and a Lambda function transforms the order data and publishes messages to the appropriate SQS queues. ● This solution offers loose coupling between validation steps and allows each Lambda function to receive only the information it needs. ● However, setting up and managing multiple SQS queues and orchestrating the transformation and message publishing logic could introduce complexity. B. Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) Approach: ● This approach involves using an SNS topic to which all validation step Lambda functions subscribe. ● SNS message body filtering is utilized to send only the required data to each subscribed Lambda function. ● While this approach offers loose coupling and message filtering capabilities, SNS filtering is limited compared to EventBridge's transformation capabilities. D. Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) Queue with Lambda Approach: ● This approach involves using a single SQS queue and a Lambda function to transform the order data and invoke validation step Lambda functions synchronously. ● While this solution may simplify the architecture by using a single queue, the synchronous invocation of Lambda functions may not be the most efficient approach, especially if the validation steps can be executed concurrently.

Answer 54

C. Create an Amazon Aurora MySQL Multi-AZ DB cluster with multiple read replicas. Configure the application to use the reader endpoint for reports. ● Amazon Aurora is a high-performance relational database engine that is fully compatible with MySQL. ● Multi-AZ deployment ensures high availability, and read replicas can offload read queries, improving overall performance. ● Using the reader endpoint for reports allows read traffic to be distributed among read replicas, reducing the load on the primary instance during report generation. ● This solution provides scalability, high availability, and improved performance for read-heavy workloads without significant application changes. Evaluation: Option C, creating an Amazon Aurora MySQL Multi-AZ DB cluster with multiple read replicas and configuring the application to use the reader endpoint for reports, is the most suitable solution. It offers scalability, high availability, and improved performance for read-heavy workloads without requiring significant application changes. Additionally, Aurora's performance and reliability make it a strong candidate for supporting the application's database needs. **Other Options:** A. Import data into Amazon DynamoDB: ● DynamoDB is a fully managed NoSQL database service that can provide high performance and scalability. ● By importing data into DynamoDB and refactoring the application to use DynamoDB for reports, the application can benefit from DynamoDB's scalability and low-latency read operations. ● However, DynamoDB may require significant application refactoring, especially if the application relies heavily on SQL queries that are not easily translated to DynamoDB's query model. B. Create database on a compute optimized Amazon EC2 instance: ● While running MySQL on a compute-optimized EC2 instance might provide better performance compared to on-premises hardware, it may not fully address the scalability and performance issues during peak usage periods. ● Scaling resources vertically (by increasing the instance size) may have limits and could become costly. D. Create Amazon Aurora MySQL Multi-AZ DB cluster with backup instance for reports: ● Configuring the application to use the backup instance for reports may not be the most efficient approach. ● While the backup instance can serve read traffic, it may not be optimized for performance, especially during peak usage periods when the primary instance is under load.

Answer 55

C. Create a VPC and an Amazon S3 interface endpoint. Routes AWS traffic from the on-premises network to the S3 interface endpoint.

Answer 56

B. An Amazon Route 53 multivalue answer routing policy B. Amazon Route 53 multivalue answer routing policy: ● The multivalue answer routing policy allows you to specify multiple healthy records for a single DNS name. Route 53 responds to DNS queries with up to eight healthy records selected at random. ● This policy supports routing traffic to multiple endpoints, which can be EC2 instances in different Regions. ● However, it does not perform health checks on the endpoints, so it cannot avoid routing traffic to unhealthy Regions. However, none of the other options meet the requirements of distributing traffic across multiple Regions and avoiding unhealthy Regions. Therefore, this is the best option for achieving the desired outcome. By using this routing policy, you can specify multiple healthy records (such as EC2 instance endpoints) for a single DNS name. While it does not perform health checks on the endpoints, it enables distributing traffic across multiple endpoints, including those in different Regions, which aligns with the company's requirement for distributing traffic across Regions. However, you would need to implement additional mechanisms to ensure that unhealthy Regions are not used, such as combining it with health checks or failover configurations.

Answer 57

C. Mount an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system across all EC2 instances. Instruct employees to access files from EC2 instances. ● Amazon EFS allows concurrent access to files from multiple EC2 instances and offers low-latency access to data. ● While it may incur slightly higher costs compared to Amazon S3, it provides better performance for applications requiring frequent access to large files. While Amazon S3 offers scalability and durability, the frequent access to large files may introduce latency and incur data transfer costs. In scenarios where performance and cost are critical factors, using Amazon EFS may provide a better balance by offering low-latency access to data while still ensuring scalability and durability. Therefore, Option C, mounting an Amazon EFS file system, may be a more suitable solution considering both performance and cost considerations.

Answer 58

D. Configure Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) encryption and Amazon RDS encryption with AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) keys to encrypt instance and database volumes. Explanation of Option D: Amazon EBS encryption: Amazon EBS encryption allows you to encrypt the Amazon EBS volumes attached to your EC2 instances. By enabling EBS encryption, you can ensure that data stored on these volumes, including the operating system and application data, is encrypted at rest. This encryption is transparent to your application and does not require any changes to the application itself. It's a straightforward configuration change at the volume level. Amazon RDS encryption: Amazon RDS supports encryption of data at rest using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) keys. By enabling RDS encryption, you can ensure that data stored in your RDS databases, including sensitive PII, is encrypted at rest. This encryption is also transparent to your application and does not require any changes to the database schema or application code. You simply enable encryption for your RDS instance using AWS KMS keys. Combining Amazon EBS encryption and Amazon RDS encryption with AWS KMS keys provides a comprehensive solution for encrypting both the instance volumes (where the application runs) and the database volumes (where the data resides). This ensures that all sensitive data, including PII, is encrypted at rest, thereby meeting compliance regulations. While options A, B, and C also involve encryption, they may require more changes to the infrastructure or introduce additional complexities: ● Option A involves using AWS Certificate Manager to generate SSL/TLS certificates for encrypting data in transit, but it does not directly address encrypting data at rest on the volumes. ● Option B involves deploying AWS CloudHSM, which is a hardware security module (HSM) service, and generating encryption keys. This option introduces additional infrastructure and management overhead. ● Option C mentions configuring SSL encryption using AWS KMS keys, but it's not clear how this specifically addresses encrypting data at rest on the volumes. Therefore, Option D is the most appropriate choice for meeting the encryption requirements with the least amount of changes to the infrastructure.

Answer 59

C. Provision a gateway endpoint for Amazon S3 on the VPC. Update the subnet route tables accordingly. - Gateway Endpoint for Amazon S3: Amazon VPC endpoints enable private connectivity between your VPC and supported AWS services. By provisioning a gateway endpoint for Amazon S3 in the VPC, the Lambda function can access S3 directly without traffic leaving the AWS network or traversing the internet. This ensures that the Lambda function can upload objects to S3 without encountering timeouts due to network congestion on the NAT instance. - Private Connectivity: The S3 gateway endpoint provides a private connection to Amazon S3 from within the VPC, eliminating the need for internet gateway or NAT instances for S3 access. Traffic between the Lambda function and S3 stays within the AWS network, enhancing security and reducing latency. - Route Table Update: After provisioning the S3 gateway endpoint, you need to update the route tables of the private subnets to route S3 traffic through the endpoint. This ensures that traffic intended for S3 is directed to the endpoint, allowing the Lambda function to communicate with S3 securely and efficiently. **Other Options:** A. Replace the EC2 NAT instance with an AWS managed NAT gateway: AWS Managed NAT Gateway: NAT gateways are managed services provided by AWS that allow instances in private subnets to initiate outbound traffic to the internet while preventing inbound traffic from initiating a connection with them. Unlike EC2 NAT instances, NAT gateways are fully managed by AWS, providing higher availability, scalability, and better performance. Traversing Public Internet: However, NAT gateways still route traffic through the public internet. Therefore, while replacing the EC2 NAT instance with a managed NAT gateway might improve availability and scalability, it does not address the company's requirement to access S3 without traversing the public internet. B. Increase the size of the EC2 NAT instance in the VPC to a network optimized instance type: Larger NAT Instance: Increasing the size of the EC2 NAT instance might alleviate some of the performance issues caused by network saturation. By using a larger instance type, the NAT instance can handle more network traffic, potentially reducing timeouts experienced by the Lambda function. Limitations Remain: However, even with a larger instance type, the EC2 NAT instance still routes traffic through the public internet. As a result, this solution does not address the company's requirement to access S3 without traversing the internet. D. Provision a transit gateway. Place transit gateway attachments in the private subnets where the Lambda function is running: Transit Gateway: Transit Gateway is a service that simplifies network connectivity between VPCs and on-premises networks. It acts as a hub that connects multiple VPCs and VPN connections, allowing for centralized management of network routing. Transit Gateway Attachments: While transit gateways can provide centralized routing, they do not inherently address the requirement to access S3 without traversing the public internet. In this scenario, placing transit gateway attachments in the private subnets would still result in traffic passing through the public internet when accessing S3. In summary, options A, B, and D do not directly address the company's requirement to access Amazon S3 without traversing the public internet, making option C the most appropriate solution for the given scenario.

Answer 60

B. AWS Global Accelerator AWS Global Accelerator is a networking service that improves the availability and performance of applications with global users. It uses the AWS global network to optimize the path from users to applications, improving the performance of TCP and UDP traffic. Global Accelerator can provide accelerated TCP connections back to the broadcast system, making it suitable for real-time streaming scenarios where low-latency and high-performance connections are crucial. This option aligns well with the requirements of the news company.

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

sthithapragnakk -- SAA Exam Dumps Jan 24 COPY Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM