Stevie Wonder Flashcards by mae bennett

What is a chord extension?

Chords with added pitches:
7th
9th
11th
13th

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what dies tritone mean?

the interval of an augmented 4th & diminished 5th

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what is a subdominant chord?

the 4th degree of a major or minor scale as the root of the chord

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what is a supertonic chord?

the 2nd degree of a major or minor scale used as the root of the chord

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describe a perfect cadence

V - I

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describe a plagal cadence

IV - I

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describe an imperfect cadence

I - ii - IV - V

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describe an interrupted cadence

V - vi

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what is a secondary dominant?

non diatonic

- functions as a dominant in relation to a scale degree other than the tonic

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Give an example of when Stevie Wonder uses chord extensions (examples)

‘Isn’t she lovely’

9ths
11ths

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Give an examples of when Stevie Wonder uses chromaticism

‘Sir Duke’ (0’45 - 1’03”)

- chromatic chords used in-between the key of B major

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Give an example of how Stevie Wonder creates a bluesy effect in ‘Living for the City’

the juxtaposition of major/minor 3rds in relation to F#

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what 3 chords are superimposed over a tonic pedal bass in Stevie Wonder’s ‘Living For the City’

F# major
G# minor
A major

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how many pitches does Stevie Wonder use on the word ‘suffer’ in ‘Superstition’
what word would describe this technique?

6 pitches

melisma

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describe 0’36” - 0’45” in Stevie Wonder’s Sir Duke?

pre chorus
chromatically shifting chord sequence
ascending and descending phrases
unison

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what is an augmented triad?

3 note chord
root
major 3rd
augmented 5th degree

what does a mixolydian mode include?

major 2nd
major 3rd
perfect 4th
perfect 5th
major 6th
minor 7th (in relation to tonic)

describe a major pentatonic scale

major 2nd
major 3rd
perfect 5th
major 6th

describe a minor pentatonic scale

minor 3rd
perfect 4th
perfect 5th
minor 7th

describe a tonic minor

a minor key that shares the same pitch as the home major key

describe the term modal

various scales other than major or minor

give an example of a Stevie Wonder song that combines chords from major and minor tonalities

‘Living for the City’

Give an example of a Stevie Wonder song that modulates

- give a time stamp

“Happy Birthday’
3’21
from c major

Give an example of a Stevie Wonder song that uses a mode

- which mode?

‘Uptight (Everything’s Alright)’

- C# mixolydian

Give an example of a Stevie Wonder song that uses a tonic minor - give a time stamp - be specific

'I was made to love her' - 0'03"-0'14 --> harmonica solo - key of F major, chords taken from F minor

Describe strophic form

including a number of verses with different lyrics, no chorus

what is a refrain?

a recurring idea

What is the structure of 'Sir Duke' by Stevie Wonder?

verse-chorus form

Name a Stevie Wonder song that uses strophic form

'Isn't she lovely'

name 3 different keyboard instruments played by Stevie Wonder

Electric piano Synthesiser Hohner Clavinet

Name a Stevie Wonder song that includes a clavinet | - be specific

'Superstition' | the riff

Give an example of when Stevie Wonder uses non musical sound effects

'Living for the City' | 4'14" - 5'14"

- describe a hetrophonic texture | - give an example with a time stamp

- doubling of the same melody, played/sang slightly differently - 'Sir Duke' (1'04" - 1'21")

describe a polyphonic texture

multiple independant melodic lines

What is the tempo of 'Hotter than July' in bpm?

76 bpm

Name a Stevie Wonder song where a shuffle feel is used

'Higher Ground'

Name a Stevie Wonder song where a swing feel is used

'Superstition'

What happens in terms of metre at 1'08" of 'Living for the City' by Stevie Wonder?

6 bars of 3/4 1 bar of 2/4 returns to 4/4