Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Flashcards
What is SJS?
An immune complex mediated hypersensitivity disorder
What does SJS form a Spectrum with?
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Which is less severe, SJS or TEN?
SJS
When is the disease considered SJS not TEN?
Under 10% skin surface involvement
What is SJS/TEN in terms of skin involvement?
10-30%
How much skin is involved in TEN?
> 30%
What sort of hypersensitivity reaction is SJS?
Type 4
What happens in the type 4 hypersensitivity reaction of SJS?
A Drug or Metabolite stimulate cytotoxic T cells and T helper cells to initiate autoimmune reactions that attack self-tissues
What percentage of SJS cases are caused by Medication?
75%
What percentage of SJS cases are caused by Infection and other causes?
25%
What are some examples of Medications that can cause SJS?
- Allopurinol
- Carbamazepine
- Sulfasalazine
- Antiviral agents such as Nevirapine and Abacavir
- Anticonvulsants
- NSAIDs
- Salicylates
- Sertraline
What types of infections can cause SJS?
- Viral
- Bacterial
- Fungal
- Protozoal
What viral infections can cause SJS?
- HSV
- EBV
- Enteroviruses
What bacteria can cause SJS?
- Group A beta-haemolytic strep
- Diphtheria
- Mycobacteria
What protozoa can cause SJS?
- Malaria
- Trichomoniasis