Steve Graber's Tips Flashcards
Location of Flexors (manus)
caudal side of manus
DDF goes to distal phalanges, SDF goes to proximal phalanges
Location of extensors (manus)
cranial side of manus
CDE goes to extensor process of distal phalanges
Location of flexors (pes)
caudal aspect of pes
DDF goes to flexor process of proximal phalanges (Flex digits, extend carpal)
SDF goes to plantar middle phalanges
Location of extensors (pes)
cranial aspect of pes
LDE goes to distal phalanges (EXTEND DIGITS BUT FLEX TARSOCRURAL)
LatDE goes to extensor process of 5th digit (extend 5th digital)
Triceps brachii
O: caudal border of scapula (long); proximal humerus
I: tuber olecrani
A: extend cubital (all); flex humeral (long)
Muscles found in neck ventral approach
Sternohyoideus
Sternothyroideous
Longus capitis
Longus colli
Muscles found in neck dorsal approach
splenius
semispinalis capitis
rectus capitis dorsalis
obliquus capitis
conformation of temporo-mandibular joint
Type of synovial joint (hinge)
Allows for smooth movement and biting/ chewing movements
What occurs during systole
phase where muscle contracts and pumps blood from chambers into arteries
pulmonary valve and aortic valve open
What occurs during diastole
period where ventricles are filling and relaxing
right atrioventricular (tricuspid) and left atrioventricular (mitral) valve open
cephalic v
arises on palmar aspect of manus and courses on cranial aspect of antebrahium
drains into external jugular v
medial saphenous v
has cranial and caudal branches that goes to dorsal and plantar digital surface
drains into femoral v
GSE soma location & how motor will travel (may need to reword)
ventral horn
ventral horn->ventral root->spinal nerve
GSA soma location & how sensory will travel
dorsal horn
spinal nerve-> spinal ganglion-> dorsal root-> dorsal horn
brachial plexus originate
formed by ventral branches of spinal nerves C6-T2
gives motor to thoracic skeletal muscles and cutaneous sensory from skin
lumbosacral plexus originate
L3-S3
innervates pelvic limbs and viscera
suprascapular n
motor to supraspinatous and infraspinatous
subscapular n
motor to subscapularis m
musculocutaneous n (<3)
motor to biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis mm
sensory: medial antebrachium and palmar manus
axillary n
motor: teres major, teres minor, deltoideus, caudal subscapularis
sensory: craniolateral shoulder and cranial antebrachium
Radial n*****
motor to triceps brachiii, tensor fasciae antebrachii, anconeous ECR, CDE, ECU. supinator
sensory: cranial and lateral antebrachium and medial and dorsal maus
median n
motor: pronators, FCR, SDF, DDF
sensory: palmar manus
ulnar n
motor: FCU, DDF, interossei m
sensory: caudal antebrachium and palmar manus
main branches of descending aorta (in order, both parietal and visceral branches included)
phrenicoabominal aa (p)
lumbar aa (p)
celiac a (v)
cranial mesenteric a (v)
renal aa (v)
testicular/ ovarian aa(v)
caudal mesenteric a (v)
deep circumflex iliac aa (p)
obturator n***
motor to external obturator, pectineus, gracilis, and adductors
femoral n***
motor to iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris, and sartorious
give rise to saphenous n (sensory)
saphenous n
cutaneous innervation to skin of medial femoral, genual, tibial and pes regions
caudal gluteal n
motor to superficial gluteal m
cranial gluteal n
motor to middle gluteal, piriformis, deep gluteal and tensor fasciae latae
sciatic n
motor to internal obturator, gemelli, quadratus femoris, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus
sensory from fibular and tibial nn
common fibular n
innervates flexors of tarsal and extensors of digital (cranial tibial, LDE, fibularis longus, LatDE, fibularis brevis)
tibial n
innervates extensors of tarsal and flexors of digit
(gastrocnemius, SDF, DDF, popliteus)
sensory: plantar pes
sympathetic nuceli location
thoracic and lumbar spinal cord segments
parasympathetic nuceli location
sacral segments and brainstem
What organ is the vagus n related to in the thorax? What does it use to cross into the abdomen?
Esophagus
Esophageal hiatus
what are the branches of the vagus n?
left vagus n-> left recurrent laryngeal n-> left dorsal and ventral vagal br
same on right side, the dorsal brchs form dorsal vagal trunk (same w ventral)
What structures/ organs related with greater omentum- superficial leaf
spleen
What structures/ organs related with greater omentum- deep leaf
L. lobe pancreas
What structures/ organs related with mesoduodenum
R. lobe pancreas
duodenum (duh)
What duct opens into the duodenum using the major and minor papillae
Pancreatic empties into major and accessory pancreatic empties into minor
what organs can be found in right hypochondrium?
right liver lobes
pylorus of stomach
right colic flexure
right kidney
what organs can be found in xiphoid?
liver/ gallbladder
body of stomach
transverse colon
left lobe pancreas
what organs can be found in left hypochondrium
left liver lobes
fundus of stomach
spleen
left colic flexure
cranial pole left kidney
what organs can be found in right flank?
descending duodenum
R lobe pancreas
jejunum
right ovary/ uterine horn
ascending colon
cecum
ileum
what organs can be found in umbilical?
transverse colon
caudal duodenal flexure
jejunum
root of mesenterium
ventral end of spleen
urinary bladder if full
L lobe pancreas
what organs can be found in left flank
descending colon
caudal pole left kidney
spleen
jejunum
Left ovary/ uterine horn
what organs can be found in right/ left inguinal
inguinal canal
spermatic cord (male)
vaginal process (female)
what organs can be found in pubic?
urinary bladder
uterus (body/ cervix)
descending colon/ rectum
proper lig of ovary
connects the ovary with the uterine horn
suspensory lig of ovary
connects the ovary to the kidney in order to hold it in place
location of the ovaries
Will find near the caudal pole of kidneys
right ovary will be deeper since the right kidney is deeper in the abdominal cavity
components of spermatic cord
testicular a and v
pampiniform plexus
testicular n
testicular lymphatics
ductus deferens
deferent a and v
internal cremaster m
corpus spongiosum penis
penile erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra
bulbis glandis corpus spongiosum
forms ‘bulb’ part of penis
swells distal end of penis for locking
splenic a**
supplies L lobe pancreas, fundus of stomach, spleen, and greater curvature of stomach/ greater omentum
structures supplied by celiac a
spleen
pancreas
stomach
esophagus
liver
gallbladder
duodenum
lesser omentum
greater omentum
cranial mesenteric a supplies…
colon, cecum, ileum
pancreas, jejunum and duodenum
caudal mesenteric a supplies..
distal descending duodenum and initial rectum
name the hepatic lobes
right medial
right lateral
quadrate
left medial
left lateral
caudate (caudate and papillary process)
What liver lobes have a relationship wth the gallbladder
the gallbladder is between the quadrate and right medial lobes
mandibular salivatory gland location
located in the neck caudal to angle of the mandible, ventral to the wing of the atlas
sublingual (monostomatic) salivatory gland location
located rostral to the mandibular gland
its duct runs with mandibular duct
parotid salivatory gland location
located ventral to ear
duct runs around maxilla?
sublingual (polistomatic) salivatory gland location
located in sublingual space
opens directly in sublingual space through several ducts
What muscles innervated by CN III?
What movements are achieved?
dorsal rectus (look up)
ventral rectus (look down)
medial rectus (move eye medially)
ventral oblique (idk?)
What muscles innervated by CN VI?
What movements are achieved?
lateral rectus (move eye laterally)
retractor bulbi (retract the eye)
What muscles innervated by CN IV?
What movements are achieved?
dorsal oblique (idk?)
miosis reflex
retina-> CN II (afferent)-> optic chiasm-> optic tract
interneuron= rostral colliculus
GVE para: CN III
action: constrict sphincter of pupil
What nerves run through the infraorbital canal? What structures will be anesthetized if you block these nerves?
CN V Maxillary branch (2)
-> infraorbital n
-> superior alveolar nn
blocks all nerves to superior teeth
motor (GSE) innervation to the tongue
CN XII {hypoglossal n}
–innervates root, body and apex
what is the sensory innervation (GSA, SPA) to the root of the tongue
CN IX {glossopharyngeal}
lingual br
what is the GVE para innervation for the root of the tongue?
CN IX {glossopharyngeal}
lingual br
what is the sensory innervation (GSA, SPA) to the epiglottis?
CN X {vagus}
cranial laryngeal n
what is the GVE para innervation for the epiglottis?
CN X {vagus}
cranial laryngeal n
What is the sensory innervation for the apex and body of the tongue?
CN V, 3rd branch {mandibular}
–lingual n
what organs are contained within the carotid sheath?
common carotid a
internal jugular v
tracheal duct
vagosympathetic trunk
what are the main bony eminences that you can palpate in the head
nasal bines, borders of orbit, zygomatic arch, external occipital protuberance
