steroid biosynthesis

Question 1

What are the features of long term stress response

Answer 1

increased Na and H2O retention
increased BP & BV
increased catabolism of fats and glucose
increased blood sugar
immunosuppression

Question 2

What hormones mediate long term stress response

Answer 2

mineralocortacoids (aldosterone)

glucocorticoids (cortisol)

Question 3

What is the RLS of steroid synthesis

Answer 3

desmolase

cholesterol => pregnenolone

Question 4

What is a positive regulator of the RLS of steroid synthesis

Answer 4

ACTH

Question 5

Describe infant respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 5

baby does not produce glucocorticoids => cannot producce surfactant => can’t breathe

Question 6

What hormone deficiency is associated with classical CAH

Answer 6

21-hydroxylase

Question 7

What hormone deficiency is associated with nonclassical CAH?

Answer 7

11-hydroxylase

Question 8

What hormone deficiency is associated with RARE CAH?

Answer 8

17-hydroxylase

Question 9

What causes hypertension in nonclassical CAH

Answer 9

buildup of 11-deoxycorticosterone (b/c it binds to MR with high affinity)

Question 10

What two intermediates accumulate abnormally in nonclassical CAH

Answer 10

11-deoxycorticosterone

17 hydroxyprogesterone

Question 11

What lab values distinguish CLASSiCAL from nonclassical CAH

Answer 11

elevated progesterone, 17-hydroxypregnenelone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone

Question 12

what enzyme converts progesterone to testosterone

Answer 12

17,20 lyase

Question 13

what enzyme is stimulated by FSH

Answer 13

aromatase