Sterilization Flashcards
How much time is required, for a sterilization usually referred to as “flash sterilization”, 28 lbs of pressure at 270•F (132•C)?
3 minutes, 10 minutes for Tubing
Effective sterilization under 15lbs of pressure at 250•F (121•C) requires how much time?
15 to 30 minutes
What term is used for the elimination of all microorganisms and spores from instruments?
Sterilization
In order for surgical instruments to be effectively disinfected they must?
Be throughly cleaned and completely dried.
What term is used for the reduction of microorganism on objects and surfaces?
Disinfection
What material is most widely used in microsurgical and is extremely resistant to staining and corrosion?
Stainless Steel
What material is used to toughen steel, is not only strong, but durable, with a metallic element Ti?
Titanium
What metals should not be ultrasonically cleaned together?
Stainless Steel and Titanium
What cleaning method is gentle and utilizes ultrasonic wave movements to dislodge any remaining debris?
Ultrasonic Cleaning
What should be done to a diamond blade after use?
Flushed immediately with sterile distilled water squirted with force through a clean syringe.
What is done to complete the process before returning instruments to storage?
Final rinsing with demineralized distilled water and drying completely
What should be done to the instruments after ultrasonic cleaning?
Bathed in an instrument bath or milk
Approximately how long is the ultrasonic cleaning cycle?
5 minutes
What material should not be ultrasonic cleaned because it can loosen the material?
Chrome Plated
What is the most technologically advanced procedure that destroys a wide range of microorganisms?
Plasma
What is used to achieve fast low temperature, low moisture sterilization?
Low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas Plasma
What alternative method of sterilization for instruments and new materials that cannot be autoclaved, with a minimum time of 20 minutes?
Chemical or Cold sterilization
What is the most common form of gas sterilization, and the least taxing?
Ethylene Oxide (EO2)
What type of sterilization has an exposure time ranging 1 1/2 to 2 hours with a temperature range of 50• to 60• and humidity range of 40% to 80%?
Gaseous Chemical Sterilization
What sterilization can effectively destroy bacteria, fungal spores, tubercle bacilli, viruses and all forms of microbial life?
Liquid Chemical Sterilization
What is the most common and effective liquid chemosterilizer?
Activated Glutaraldehyde 2%
What plastic is the only one acceptable for steam sterilization?
Polypropylene Film (1-3 mm thickness)
What packaging is not acceptable for gas sterilization?
Nylon
Using chemical solutions to reduce the source of infection is a goal of what?
Disinfection
What is the most frequently used form of sterilizing instruments that damages steel using moist heat under pressure?
Steam Sterilization (Autoclave)
What gram negative rod microorganism is the most destructive to the eye?
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
What microorganisms causes conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers or endophthalmitis?
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
What microorganisms is round shaped and gram positive living on the skin?
Streptococci
What are the smallest infectious organisms that can be transmitted through oral, respiratory, intestinal and urinary tracts?
Viruses
What must be done to tubing and cannulas that have been utilized to deliver or extract fluids, viscous substances, and or medications?
Forcefully flushed clear
What is not advised to use to clean Titanium?
Hydrogen Peroxide
What does METICO suggest to use to complete the cleaning of the diamond blade?
Use a diamond knife cleaning block which should be moistened with 3 drops of water
What type of gem blades can be sterilized with gas and or steam?
Diamond and Ruby Blades
What gem is not recommended to be ultrasound cleaned?
Sapphire Blade
How much time is needed to clean instruments with Gaseous Chemical Sterilization?
1 1/2- 2 Hours
What range of temperature is needed for Gaseous Chemical Sterilization?
50-60 Degrees
How much humidity is used for Gaseous Chemical Sterilization?
40%-80% Humidity
How much pressure is needed for flash sterilization?
28 lbs
What temperature is used for flash sterilization?
270• F (132•C)
What is Universal Precautions?
Guidelines designed to control the transmission of any infection
What is the goal of Disinfection?
Reduce the source of infection
How is sterilization achieved?
By the complete destruction of all microorganisms
Steam sterilization requires how much pressure with a 15-30 minute exposure time?
15 lbs of pressure
Steam sterilization at what temperature requires 15-30 minutes of exposure time?
250•F (132•C)
When is flash sterilization used?
When there is not enough time to sterilize in another method
What is the minimum time required for Chemical or Cold sterilization?
20 minutes
What is a dry chemical sterilization method?
Gas
What sterilization is the least damaging to fragile instruments?
Ethylene Oxide Gas sterilization
How long do instruments need to be subjected to a liquid sterilization?
10 hours
