Sterile Compounding Essentials

Question 1

Compounded Sterile Preparations (CSP)

Answer 1

Medications prepared using sterile technique

Question 2

Microorganism

Answer 2

An organism of microscopic size such as a bacterium, virus, or protozoan

Question 3

Parenteral

Answer 3

Any medication route other than the alimentary canal (digestion system)

Question 4

Sterile

Answer 4

Free of living organisms, especially microorganisms

Question 5

United States Pharmacopeia (USP)

Answer 5

A nongovernmental, nonprofit public health organization that sets standards for over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medicines and other healthcare products in the United States; its main goal is to ensure public health

Question 6

USP

Answer 6

Chapter in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) concerning parenteral-medication compounding and equipment endorsed by The Joint Commission and American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP)

Question 7

Subtherapeutic

Answer 7

Too little of a dose

Question 8

Supratherapeutic

Answer 8

Too large of a dose

Question 9

Osmolarity

Answer 9

Number of dissolved particles in a solution per liter of solution

Question 10

Isotonic

Answer 10

Any solution containing a concentration of dissolved substances, such as salts, that’s the same as the concentration found in human red blood cells

Question 11

Antagonistic Effect

Answer 11

The action of one drug preventing the action of another drug or preventing the action of a messenger on a receptor site in the body

Question 12

Compatibility

Answer 12

Drug’s ability to combine with another drug or substance without either losing efficacy

Question 13

Hypertonic

Answer 13

Any solution containing a higher concentration of dissolved substances than that found in red blood cells

Question 14

Drug Metabolism

Answer 14

The changing of the chemical structure of a drug by the body

Question 15

Patient-Centered Care

Answer 15

The practice model of taking care of patients and their families

Question 16

Garbing

Answer 16

Donning (putting on) protective personal equipment in a specific method

Question 17

Parenteral Route

Answer 17

Puncture, injection, or some method to enter the bloodstream directly

Question 18

Pathogen

Answer 18

Any disease-causing agent or microorganism

Question 19

PPE

Answer 19

Includes gown, gloves, hair, foot covers, masks, and eye protection

Question 20

Transmission

Answer 20

Interaction between infectious agents and a susceptible host

Question 21

Universal Precautions

Answer 21

Methods to prevent contamination or transference of infection, such as protective barriers

Question 22

Six Chains of Infection

Answer 22

Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

Question 23

Concentration

Answer 23

Amount of medication per amount of fluid

Question 24

Diluent

Answer 24

Solution used to dilute a powder form of an injectable medication

Question 25

Electrolytes

Answer 25

Dissolved mineral salts, usually found in intravenous fluids, such as total parenteral nutrition or lactated Ringer’s solution

Question 26

Flow Rate

Answer 26

Amount of medication to be infused over a specific period of time

Question 27

IV Drug Administration

Answer 27

Intravenous (IV): Administered directly into a vein

Question 28

IM Drug Administration

Answer 28

Intramuscular (IM): Injection directly into the muscle

Question 29

IC Drug Administration

Answer 29

Intracardiac (IC): Injection directly into the heart

Question 30

ID Drug Administration

Answer 30

Intradermal (ID): Injection into the capillary-rich layer below the epidermis of the skin

Question 31

IA Drug Administration

Answer 31

Intraarticular (IA): Injection directly into the joint space

Question 32

IO Drug Administration

Answer 32

Intraosseous (IO): Injection directly into the bone marrow