Stereochemistry

Question 1

isomers

Answer 1

molecules with same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 2

types of isomers

Answer 2

structural- atoms bonded in different order

stereoisomers- atoms bonded in same order but are arranged differently in space, including geometric and optical isomers

Question 3

situations where geometric isomers can exist

Answer 3

when there is a C=C double bond or when there is a saturated ring structure

Question 4

cis and trans isomers

Answer 4

cis- functional groups on same side

trans- on different sides

Question 5

optical isomers

Answer 5

mirror images of each other and cannot be superimposed on each other

Question 6

chiral centre

Answer 6

carbon that has 4 different groupings coming off of it

Question 7

enantiomers

Answer 7

optical isomers

Question 8

polarised light

Answer 8

only travels in a single plane and when passed through a solution of optical isomer it is rotated either clockwise or anticlockwise

Question 9

racemic mixture

Answer 9

optically inactive, equal mixture of optical isomers and polarised light is unaffected

Question 10

effects of 2 types of an optical isomer

Answer 10

thalidomide- one isomer stops morning sickness and another causes birth defects

Question 11

why is geometric isomerism exhibited?

Answer 11

lack of free rotation in molecules