Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

STEP 2 CK > STEP 2CK deck 2 > Flashcards

STEP 2CK deck 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Antibodies for scleroderma

A

Antinuclear Ab
Anti-topoisomerase I (anti-Scl-70) ab
Anticentromere ab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

S/S medial meniscus tear

A 
popping at time of injury
sense of instability
effusion 
reduced extension 
joint catching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When to suspect herpetic whitlow

A

Young pt
multiple sexual partners
Painful vesicular hand rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most common type of shoulder dislocation

A

Anterior dislocation after direct blow or FOOSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Signs of anterior shoulder dislocation

A

Holding arm slightly abducted and externally rotated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Common cause of posterior shoulder dislocations

A

seizures or electrocution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

s/s posterior shoulder dislocation

A

Holding shoulder in adduction and internal rotation

Flatened anterior aspect of shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Anticardiolipin Ab

A

antiphospholipid syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide Ab

A

RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anti-smooth muscle ab

A

AIH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic Ab

A

GPA (wegener)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cause of edema in hands and feet in kid with Turner syndrome

A

Congenital lymphedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diagnostic test for acute diverticulitis

A

Abd CT w/ contrast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When to do surgery for PAS

A

limb-threatening complication (non healing ulcer), significant limitation in ADLs, failure to respond to exercise and meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treatment for Bipolar I

A

Quetapine, lurasidone
Lamotrigine

NOT SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Prenatal labs in initial visit

A 
Rh(D) type and Ab screen
CBC
HIV, Syph, hep B
Rubella and varicella immunity
Pap
CG PCR
Urine Cx and protein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

prenatal labs at 24-28wks

A

Hbg
Ab screen if Rh(D) neg
50g 1h GCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When to do GBS test for pregnancy

A

35-37 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Most common cause of spontaneous lobar (parietal and occipital) hemorrhage

A

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Meningeal artery tear

A

epidural hemorrhage

biconvex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Rupture of bridging veins

A

Subdural hematoma

crescent shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Egg shell calcifications of liver mass

A

Hydatid cyst from echinococcus granulosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Causes of osteoporosis

A

Chronic inflammation
Steroids
lack of physical activity
Vit D deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

RA
Neutropenia
Splenomegaly

A

Felty syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Sjogren Ab

A

Anti Ro and La

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Enthesitis

A

inflammation at tendon insertion sites

Associated with AS, psoriatic arthritis and reactive arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

First test to order for SLE

A

ANA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Causes of gout

A

Increased rate production: primary, myeloproliferative, tumor lysis syndrome, HGPT deficiency

Decreased rate clearance: CKD, thiazide/loop diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Signs of missed abortion

A

Closed cervix
No bleeding
No fetal cardiac activity or empty sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Signs of threatened abortion

A

Vaginal bleeding
Closed cervical os
Fetal cardiac activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Signs of inevitable abortion

A

vaginal bleeding
Dilated os
might see products of conception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

signs Incomplete abortion

A

Bleeding
dilated os
some products of conception expelled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

signs of complete abortion

A

Vaginal bleeding or not
closed os
no products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How to treat if woman tests + for CT but - GC

A

Azithromycin only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Fetal complication of preeclampsia

A

small for gestational age from chronic uteroplacental insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is considered arrest of active phase of labor

A

no cervical change for >4hrs with adequate contractions (>200)
OR
No cervical change for >6hr w inadequate contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Etiology of early decelerations

A

Fetal head compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Etiology of Late decelerations

A

Uteroplacental insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Etiology of variable decelerations

A

Cord compression
Oligohydramnios
Cord prolapse
(recurrent=fetal hypoxemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Anti-beta2-glycoprotein Ab

A

antiphospholipid syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Uterotonics

A

Oxytocin and misoprostol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What makes a fetus nonviable?

A 
Anencephaly 
Bilateral renal genesis 
Holoprosencephaly
Acardia
Thanatophoric dwarfism 
Intrauterine fetal demise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Treatment of hypertensive emergency in pregnancy

A

IV Labetalol
IV Hydralazine (if HR low)
Nifedipine PO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Firm fixed breast mass with fat globules and foamy histiocytes on path

A

Fat necrosis

post procedure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Treatment for asymptomatic bartholin cyst

A

observation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

SE SERM

A

VTE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

HELLP effects on liver

A

centrilobular necrosis, hematoma formation, thrombi in portal cap system

Leads to liver swelling and distention of capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Characteristics of acute fatty liver of pregnancy

A

Nausea, vomiting
abd pain
elevated LFT
Third trimester

(leukocytosis, hypoglycemia and AKI possible)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Lab findings in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

A

Low LH and FSH

Low estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Cause of thrombocytopenia in HELLP

A

systemic inflammation and activation of coag system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is second stage arrest of labor

A

> 3hr if nulliparous
2hr if multiparous

2nd is 10cm to birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Etiology of second stage arrest of labor

A

Cephalopelvic disproportion
Malposition
Inadequate contrations
Maternal exhaustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Characterstics of placenta prevue

A

painless bleeding in third trimester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Effects of O mom with AB dad

A

Baby usually asymptomatic or mild anemia at birth

Can develop jaundice in first 24hrs (responds to phototherapy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Signs of granulosa cell tumor of ovary

A

Child: precocious puberty
Postmenopausal: bleeding/endometrial hyperplasia

Large adnexal mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Diagnostic findings in pts w granulosa cell tumor

A

Elevated estrogen

U/S: ovarian mass, thickened endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Treatment for ovarian torsion

A

laparoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

S/S placental abruption

A

third trimester bleeding
PAIN
abnl FHRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

SE oxytocin

A

Hyponatremia (seizures)
Hypotension
Tachysystole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Treatment for postpartum endometritis

A

Clinda and gentamicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Clinical features of postpartum endometritis

A

Fever >24h postpartum
Uterine fundal tenderness
Purulent lochia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

S/S hydatidiform mole

A 
Abnl vaginal bleeding 
Uterine enlargement 
Abnormality elevated beta-hCG
Hyperemesis
Preeclampsia with severe features
hyperthyroid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Management of PPROM 34-37wks

A

Antibiotics
+/- corticosteroids
delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Risk factors for postpartum urinary retention

A

Nulliparity
Prolonged labor
Epidural anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Presentation of CAH

A

acne, irregular menses, hirsutism

Boys with precocious puberty

elevated 17 HO progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Foodborne dz with mainly vomiting

A

S. aureus
Bacillus cereus
Norovirus

67
Q

Foodborne illness with mainly watery diarrhea

A 
C. perfringens
E. coli
Enteric virus
Cryptosporidium
tapeworms
68
Q

Foodborne illness with mainly inflammatory diarrhea

A 
Salmonella
Campy 
Shiga E. coli
Shigella
Enterobacter
Vibrio
Yersinia
69
Q

Causes of AOM

A

S. pneumo
H. flu
Moraxella catarrhalis

70
Q

Treatment for AOM

A

PO amoxicillin

71
Q

Cause of precocious puberty with high LH and high FSH

A

Gonadotropin dependent (central) percocious puberty

72
Q

Treatment for central precocious puberty

A

GnRH agonist

73
Q

Risk factors for tinea corporis

A

Athletes with skin to skin contact
Humid environment
Contact with rodents

74
Q

Causes of metabolic alkalosis

A

Emesis
Diuresis
dehydration

75
Q

CF vs primary ciliary dyskinesia

A

Both: Chronic infections
nasal polyps
Bronchiectasis
Digital clubbing

CF: Pancreatic insufficiency
Infertility
FTT

PCD: Situs inversus
Infertility
Normal growth

76
Q

PPx for sickle cell pt

A

Vaccination
penicillin for S. pneuma until age 5
Folic acid supplement

77
Q

Sickle cell pts are at high risk of getting sepsis from…

A

S. pneumo
H. flu
N. meningitidis

78
Q

Diagnostic features of acute bacterial rhino sinusitis

A

Persistant sx >10d
OR
Severe sx (fever 39, purulent discharge, face pain >3d)
OR
Worsening sc >5d after initial improvement

79
Q

Characteristics of constitutional growth delay

A

delayed growth spurt
delayed puberty
delayed bone age

80
Q

Clinical findings in congenital CMV

A

periventricular calcifications

plus IGR, HSmegaly, Jaundice, blueberry muffin spots

81
Q

Clinical findings in congenital Toxo

A

Diffuse intracerebral calcifications
Hydrocephalus
Deafness
severe chorioretinitis

82
Q

Clinical findings in congenital syphilis

A 
Rhinorrhea
Abnormal long-bone XR
Desquamating or bullous rash
Saddle nose
funny teeth
83
Q

Clinical findings in congenital rubella

A 
Cataracts
PDA
deafness
jaundice 
blueberry muffin spots
84
Q

Single S2 and cyanosis in <24h

A

Transposition of great vessels

85
Q

Treatment for transposition of great vessels

A

prostaglandins

86
Q

Genetics of myotonic dystrophy

A

AD expansion CTG

87
Q

Myotonic dystrophy S/S

A

onset 12-30
Facial weakness
hand grip myotonia
Dysphagia

88
Q

Comorbidities of myotonic dystrophy

A

arrhythmias
cataracts
balding
testicular atrophy

89
Q

Rocker-bottom feet, overlapping fingers, micrognathia, microcephaly

A

Trisomy 18

Edwards syndrome

90
Q

Heart defect associated with trisomy 18

A

VSD

91
Q

S/S neurofibromatosis 1

A

Cafe-au-lait spots, macrocephaly, feeding problems, short, LD
Fibromas, neurofibromas, optic gliomas

92
Q

S/S Vitamin B2 deficiency

A

Angular cheilosis, stomatitis, glossitis
Normocytic anemia
Seborrheic dermatitis

93
Q

S/S vitamin B6 deficiency

A

Cheilosis, stomatitis, glossitis

Irritability, confusion, depression

94
Q

pt with short stature, primary amenorrhea and absent thelarche

A

Turner syndrome

elevated FSH

95
Q

s/s choanal atresia

A

cyanosis worse with feeds and relieved by crying

can breath though nose

96
Q

post op Mediastinitis signs

A

14 days post sternotomy

Fever, tachycardia, CP, leukocytosis, sternal wound drainage

97
Q

treatment for mediastinitis

A

surgical debridement and Abx

98
Q

Dilated common bile duct in the absent of stones, elevated LFT, episodic RUQ pain

A

sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

99
Q

Tx of penile fracture

A

Retrograde urethrogram

100
Q

Most common solid organ injuries after blunt abdominal trauma

A

Hepatic laceration and splenic laceration

101
Q

Markers of mixed germ cell tumor

A

beta HCG

AFP

102
Q

Ddx for anterior mediastinal mass

A

Thymoma
Teratoma
Thyroid neoplasm
Terrible lymphoma

103
Q

Types of teratomas

A

seminomatous germ cell tumors from nonseminomatous germ cell tumor

104
Q

Compartment syndrome s/s

A 
POOP
paresthesia
Pain worse with stretch
Swelling
Paralysis (late)
Loss of sensation
105
Q

Treatment for anal fissures

A

High-fiber diet
Stool softeners
Sitz baths
Topical anesthetics and vasodilators

106
Q

s/s ruptured ovarian cysts

A

Sudden-onset, severe, unilateral lower abd pain after strenuous or sexual activity

107
Q

u/s finding of ruptured ovarian cysts

A

pelvic free fluid

108
Q

treatment for small pneumothorax

A

supplemental O2

109
Q

s/s dumping syndrome

A

Abd pain, diarrhea, nausea
Hypotension/tachycardia
Dizziness, fatigue, diaphoresis
15-30min after meals

110
Q

Tx of dumping syndrome

A

small/frequent meals
Eat complex carbs and drop simple sugars
Incorporate high-fiber and protein-rich foods

111
Q

Pulsatile groin mass below inguinal ligament with anterior thigh pain

A

Femoral artery aneurysm

Associated with AAA

112
Q

Most common peripheral artery aneurysm

A

popliteal aneurysm

113
Q

Midline sacrococcygeal with mucoid and bloody drainage

A

Pilonidal disease

most commonly young males, obese, sedentary lifestyles

114
Q

s/s hidradenitis suppurativa

A

multiple, recurrent, painful nodules in axillae, inguinal folds and perineal areas

115
Q

patient with blunt abdominal trauma who is stable with negative FAST but high risk features

A

subsequent CT scan

116
Q

Possible retropharyangeal abscess comorbidity

A

Acute necrotizing mediastinitis

117
Q

Management of massive hemoptysis after securing the airway

A

Bronchoscopy

for finding bleed and therapeutic intervention

118
Q

s/s varicocele

A

soft scrotal mass that decreases in size in supine position
increase in size with standing/valsalva
Subfertility
Testicular atrophy

119
Q

Risk factors for stress fracture

A 
Repetitive activities 
Abrupt increase in physical activity
Inadequate Ca and vit D
Decreased caloric intake
Female athlete triad
120
Q

Acid base irregularity with hypoxemia

A

Hyperventilation

leads to respiratory alkalosis

121
Q

Work up of a broken clavicle

A

Angiogram

122
Q

Treatment of new afib in stable pt

A

Diltiazem

123
Q

Extraintestinal manifestations of IBD

A

arthritis
Eye (uveitis)
Pyoderma gangrenosum
PSC (UC)

124
Q

Tx for myasthenic crisis

A

Stop pyrostygmine
Intubation
IVIG and steroids

125
Q

Another name for pancoast tumor

A

superior pulmonary sulcus

126
Q

Reasons for valve surgery in the setting of bacterial endocarditis

A

Significan valve dysfunction
Persistent infection or hard to treat
Recurrent septic embolization

127
Q

S/S HIT

A 
>5d after heparin
Plt down >50% bl
A or V thrombosis
Necrotic skin at injection sites
Acute anaphylactoid rxn post injection
128
Q

Dx HIT

A

Serotonin release assay

129
Q

Complications of supracondylar fx of humerus

A

Brachial a. injury
Median nerve injury
Cubitus varus deformity
Compartment syndrome/Volkmann ischemic contracture

130
Q

What to do before hip surgery

A

Check for medical stability/ underlying conditions

131
Q

Sequela of spinal cord injury that happens months to years after

A

syringomyelia

post whiplash

132
Q

S/S syringomyelia

A

decreased strength
diminish pain/temp in arms/hands or cape like
Preservation of dorsal column

133
Q

S/S patellar bursitis

A 
painful
swelling 
erythema 
decreased active ROM
Intact passive ROM

*think of the job

134
Q

DVT tx in pt with GFR <30

A

Unfractionated heparin and warfarin

135
Q

Next step of tx for pt with resolved gallstone pancreatitis

A

cholecystectomy

136
Q

Which nerve goes though the parotid gland

A

facial

137
Q

Effect of hypovolemic shock on the heart

A

small left ventricular cavity with increased EF

138
Q

Effect of succinylcholine on electrolytes

A

elevated potassium

decrease Na

139
Q

When not to use succ to avoid hyperK

A

crush injury
diffuse muscle atrophy
Burn
Denervation (stroke, GB, critical illness polyneuropathy)

140
Q

SE TCAD

A

Cardiac (QRS prolongation)
Convulsions
Coma (sedation)

141
Q

Timing of alcohol hallucinations

A

12-48hrs

142
Q

Timing of delirium tremens

A

2-4d

143
Q

Timing of seizures

A

12-48hr

144
Q

Escitalopram is a…

A

SSRI

145
Q

Tx for chronic alcohol use disorder

A

Naltrexone

146
Q

When to use acamprosate

A

start when alcohol abstinence achieved

MAINTAIN abstinence

147
Q

Treatment for acute dystonia

A

Benztropine
OR
Diphenhydramine

148
Q

tx Akathisia

A

propranolol
OR
Lorazepam

149
Q

Tx drug induced parkinsonism

A

Benztropine or amantadine

150
Q

Tx for tardive dyskinesia

A

No specific tx

switch to clozapine?

151
Q

Brain changes seen on MRI with schizophrenia

A

Lateral ventricle enlargement

and decreased volume hippocampus and amygdala

152
Q

Primary use of Amiodarone

A

ventricular arrhythmias in the setting of CAD

153
Q

Tests to get before starting Amiodarone

A

CXR and PFTs
TSH
LFT

154
Q

S/S pemphigus vulgaris

A

+Nikolsky
+ oral mucosa
30-50s
IgG on all cells

155
Q

S/S dermatitis herpatiformis

A 
Associated with celiac
IgA deposition 
Vesicular lesions 
Extensor surfaces 
Buttock
156
Q

Contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia

Conjugate gaze deviation toward the lesion

A

Internal capsule damage

157
Q

Most common site for HTN hemorrhages

A

lacunar stroke affects basal ganglia (putamen)

cerebellar nuclei, Thalamus and pons

158
Q

S/S basal ganglia hemorrhage

A

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss
Homonymous hemianopsia
Gaze palsy

Also can affect nearby structures

159
Q

Medial medullary syndrome

A

Cont paralysis arm and leg
Cont loss position sense
Lick the lesion

160
Q

Most sensitive test for HF?

A

BNP

161
Q

What is reaction formation?

A

responding in a manner opposite to one’s actual feelings

162
Q

What are mature defense mechanisms

A

sublimation (channeling impulses into socially acceptable behavior)
Suppression

163
Q

S/S acute intermittent porphyria

A 
Acute abd pain 
Neurologic abnl (sensory and motor neuropathies, tachycardia) 
Psychiatric sxs (anxiety, insomnia, restlessness, mood changes, psychosis)

onset 30-40

STEP 2 CK (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions