STEEL Flashcards
which is strongest? Hot or cold rolled steel
Cold rolled steel
Stiffener plates
Welded on to make more rigid up the web at the point where extra forces are going to be applied
Back up bars
Prevent welding arc from burning through the flange
How are steel elements attached
Welding or bolts
Steel column baseplate
Distribute the load of steel columns on concrete foundations
Dog bone cuts
Control valve for seismic for es, deforming so that there is not a catastrophic failure of the welded or bolted joint
Eccentrically braced frame
Useful in seismic loads as it resists lateral seismic forces without buckling
Shear wall
Provides lateral stability by preventing lateral forces from collapsing the structure
Staggered truss system
Every other floor is a truss - minimizes the thickness of the slab and the number of columns and floor to floor height
Shear stud
Floor element welded to steel beam used to rigidly attached flooring (concrete) directly to beam
Girts
Metal channels that span between steel columns - they receive the cladding and hold it in place
Fireproofing steel columns (6)
- encasements in reinforced concrete
- enclosure in metal lath and plaster
- enclosure in multiple layers of gypsum
- spray-on fireproofing
- loose insulation filled inside a sheet metal enclosure
- water filled box column made with a wide flange shape with added steel plates
Fireproofing steel beams and girders (6)
- encasement in reinforced concrete
- enclosure in metal lath and plaster
- rigid slab fireproofing
- spray on fireproofing
- suspended plaster ceiling
- flame shielded exterior spandrel girder with spray on fireproofing inside
Castellated beam
Improved beam produced by flame cutting the web of a wide flange section along a zigzag path the reassembling the beam by welding its two halves point to point thus increasing its depth without increasing its weight
Washers
Used to prevent galling (wearing between bolt and beam)
Shear vs moment
Shear:
Flanges aren’t engaged
Moment:
More rigid
More expensive
Open web steel joists/trusses (3)
K series: standard 8-60ft long and 8-30in deep
LH series: long span 25-96ft long and 18-48in deep
DLH series: deep long span 89-144ft long and 52-96in deep
Bearing type bolt
vs
Slip critical bolt
Slip critical slightly deforms the steel, creating tension and not allowing any movement
Bearing type bolt it rests on the bolt, some movement allowed
