Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Genitourinary > STDS, Vaginal, Pregnancy > Flashcards

STDS, Vaginal, Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Strawberry Cervix

A

Trich

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Clue cells and whiff test

A

BV
Clue cells have fuzzy edges from bacteria sticking to them, stain blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

friable cervix

A

Most likely Chlamydia, Gonorrhea or PID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal Vaginal pH

A

3.8-4.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Treatment for Gonorrhea

A

Rocephin (ceftriaxzone) IM injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Treatment for Chlamydia

A

Azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Treatment if patient has both Chlamydia and Gonorrhea (which often happen together)

A

Doxycycline.
This can also be used for Chlamydia or Gonorrhea on their own if the patient is allergic to other antibiotics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Treatment for trich or BV and what side effect does this med have?

A

Flagyl (metronidazole) –Side effect (disulfram like reaction) Other name is metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Symptoms of syphillis

A

First symptom is PAINLESS canker 3-6 weeks). Second rash on palms and soles. Third stage havoc on neurosyphillis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Test for syphillis

A

RPR (rapid plasma reagin), Confirmatory test is FTA-ABS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment of syphillis

A

IM PCN, specifically Bicillin (Pen G)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment for yeast infection

A

Fluconazole (diflucan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which contraception method can increase risk of osteoporosis?

A

Depo-provera (the shot)
Give vitamin D and calcium. Don’t prescribe for more than 5 years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which birth control should not be given to those with migraine with aura

A

any of the combo pills (estrogen/progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Birth control with highest risk for blood clots

A

Ortho evra patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contraindications for taking hormonal birth control

A

current or hx of blood clot, migraine with aura, older than 35 and smoker, liver disease (Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives have been associated with cholestasis and development of hepatic adenoma and are contraindicated in women with acute liver disease.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What should a woman do if she’s missed two contraception pills?

A

take the next pill immediately, use back up method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If a female of childbearing years is having GI complaint, what test should be run

A

pregnancy test - even if female says she hasn’t started her period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Should a pregnant woman with a asymptomatic UTI be treated with antibiotics

A

Absolutely!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which antibiotics for pregnancy UTI

A

Think CAMP (pregnant woman don’t want to camp! lol)
Cephalosporins, Amoxicillian, Macrobid, Penicillians. Macrobid is generally avoided in the first trimester.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When is a pregnant woman screened for gestational diabetes?

A

24-28 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When do we screen for Group B Strep

A

35-37 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Treatment for Group B strep

A

PCN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When do pregnant woman get a RhoGam shot?

A

Week 28, then within 72 hours postpartum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is AFP testing and when do we do it?
alpha-feto protein, tests for down syndrome with low levels, high levels may detect neural tubal defects. week 16-20
26
What 3 things are down syndrome patients at higher risk for?
Alzheimers. hypothyroid, cervical spine instability (need x-ray of cervical spine before playing sports)
27
Placental abruption
Placenta is separating from the inner wall of the uterus, incredibly painful. Uterus will be hard to the touch, bleeding involved. Only in 3rd trimester
28
Placenta previa
Placenta is covering the cervical opening. Light PAINLESS bleeding.
29
Antibiotic for mastitis while breastfeeding (Think 2 boobs=di) and two alternatives
dicloxacillin (PCN safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding). Alternatives are clindamycin, macrolides.
30
What age do we start pap smears?
21 (regardless of sexual status), every 3 years until 30 at which time we can go to five years if we add in HPV testing
31
Which pap smear results do we need to refer for colposcopy?
Low and high grade lesions. LSIL, HSIL LSIL= low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
32
What is colposcopy?
A colposcope is used outside the body to visualize the cervix up close. Sometimes a weak acetic acid is used to visualize abnormalities easier. If any abnormalities are seen, a biopsy will be taken.
33
What does CIN mean? What are the levels and what do we do with each level? (diagnosed with colposcopy and biopsy)
cervical intraepithelial neoplasm. CIN 1=LSIL CIN2=HSIL CIN3=HSIL CIN 1 can be watched and might regress on it's own, CIN 2 and CIN 3 refer immediately. CIN 3 is a direct precursor to cervical cancer, must be treated. (CIN does not mean cancer, generally pre-cancer)
34
What do we do with a positive HPV?
refer for colposcopy
35
Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. (ASC-US)
atypical cells that don't meet requirements to be labeled a lesion (LSIL or HSIL). These patients must receive HPV screening regardless of age. If HPV is positive they need to be referred to colposcopy.
36
What age do we recommend the Gardasil vaccine?
11 years old. It can be given as easy as 9 in certain situations. Gardasil protects against the most common types of HPV that cause cervical cancer and the most common cause of HPV that causes genital warts.
37
How do we treat genital warts? (caused by HPV, not herpes virus)
Clinician applied therapy: TCA (Trichloroacetic acid) is first line. If they are really bad they can be treated with cryo or surgically removed. Patient applied : imiquimod cream 3.75% or 5%
38
What do I do with a post-menopausal woman that has vaginal bleeding?
Refer for endometrial biopsy ASAP. Could be underlying cancer.
39
What is the best SSRI for hot flashes/night sweats
Paxil (paroxetine)
40
Supplements for menopausal
black kohash, gingko,
41
What type of cancer is more likely in women receiving HRT?
ovarian cancer
42
What are PCOS patients at higher risk for (besides infertility)
Insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia and some cancers. (Metformin is a great drug for these patients)
43
Is galactorrhea a sign of breast cancer? What lab should be checked?
Not usually, but a prolactin lab should be drawn to r/o a prolactnoma as the cause
44
What medications are known for causing galactorrhea?
Atypical antipsychotics.
45
You perform a DRE and find an symmetrically enlarged RUBBERY, prostate. Patient may complain of urinary frequency or hesitancy.
BPH is probably the cause
46
What medication treats BPH
"zosins" (alpha blockers) tamsulosin, doxyzosin, terazosin,
47
When does the patient need to take the first dose of a "zosin" tamsulosin, doxyzosin, terazosin,
At bedtime. Notorious for first time dose effect to cause orthostatic hypotension.
48
Which medication can be used to shrink the prostate?
Finesteride (Proscar)
49
What herbal supplement is good for BPH?
Saw palmetto
50
What is normal PSA? What is the cut off for referral?
Refer for a PSA over 4 in men over 60, over 2.5 in men 40-50 for prostate cancer screening.
51
What is Prehn's sign, how do you perform it and what does it tell you
You lift up one testicle and see if patient has relief of pain. Do the same on the other side. Pain relief would indicate epididymitis. If the pain is made worse it would indicate testicular torsion.
52
Which STI's are often associated with epididymitis
Chlamydia and gonorrhea
53
What antibiotics do we treat epididymitis with?
Under 35 doxycycline and rocephin over 35 levofloxicin
54
Which tests are for kidney function , rank them.
GFR Creatinine BUN -less specific for kidneys than the others.
55
What do we think when we see WBC casts in the urine
pyelonephritis
56
What do we think when we see RBC casts in the urine?
glomerulonephritis
57
UTI treatment (regular and pregnant)
Macrobid (nitrofurantoin), Bactrim (Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), Fosfomycin. If any concern of allergy or resistance use Cipro (but no Cipro in pregnancy!)
58
If a patient is on Warfarin, which antibiotic would we avoid?
Bactrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)
59
What antibiotic class would we avoid if patient has had heel or achilles tendon pain in the past when taking it?
Fluroquinolones
60
Antibiotics to use for UTI in pregnancy.
fosfomycin or another PCN, Macrobid or Bactrim can be used after first trimester. Keflex (cephalexine) would be fine also.
61
If patient is having recurrent UTI's what diagnostic test would be appropriate?
Kidney ultrasound
62
If patient is having recurrent UTI's what diagnostic test would be appropriate?
Kidney ultrasound
63
PDE5 inhibitors
Pneumonic: Penis doesn't erect lol Viagara, meds that ends in "afil" i.e. sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
64
Before prescribing anyone PDE5 inhibitors what test needs to be done?
EKG
65
Before prescribing anyone PDE5 inhibitors what test needs to be done?
EKG. Careful giving Viagara to anyone with underlying cardiac issues
66
What medication is absolutely contraindicated with PDE5 inhibitors?
Nitroglycerine-will bottom out their blood pressure completely, can be LIFE THREATENING!
67
How do PDE5 inhibitors work?
By relaxing the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum in the penis, which enhances blood flow (also treats pulmonary hypertension)
68
What is the difference between sildenafil and tadalafil?
Tadalafil lasts longer, so it can be taken longer before sex. Both meds should be taken at least one hour before sex. Tadalafil can also treat BPH.
69
What side effects can be seen with PDE5 inhibitors?
Flushing, hypotension, headache, dyspepsia, cyanopia (blue tinted vision)
70
How many weeks pregnant does the fundal height start matching the weeks
16

Genitourinary (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions