STDs

Question 1

Causes of urethritis

Answer 1

N. gonorrhoeae
C. trachomatis
M. hominis

Question 2

Causes of cervicitis

Answer 2

C. trachomatis

M. genitalium

Question 3

Causes of vaginitis

Answer 3

T. vaginalis

C. albicans

Question 4

Causes of vaginosis

Answer 4

Gardnerella spp.

Mobiluncus spp

Question 5

What bacteria causes syphilis?

Answer 5

Treponema pallidum

Question 6

What bacteria is a major cause of chancroid infections?

Answer 6

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 7

What STI’s can cause significant exudate?

Answer 7

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Question 8

What STI’s can cause painful vesicles and shallow ulcers?

Answer 8

HSV-2

Question 9

What STI’s can cause painless, shallow, broad, firm lesions?

Answer 9

Syphilis

Question 10

What STI’s cause wart-like growths?

Answer 10

HPV

MCV

Question 11

What is the best screening procedure for cervical cancer?

Answer 11

Pap smear

Question 12

How is HPV spread?

Answer 12

Direct contact

Autoinoculation

Question 13

How do you diagnose HPV?

Answer 13

Clinical symptoms

PCR

Question 14

What types of cells must HPV infect in order to become tumorigenic?

Answer 14

Actively replicating cells

Question 15

What STI’s often give clear discharge?

Answer 15

Chlamydia trachomatis
Mycoplasma hominis
Ureaplasma urealyticum

Question 16

What STI’s often give purulent discharge?

Answer 16

Neisseria gonorrhea

Question 17

What are virulence factors that N. gonorrhea uses for evasion of host defense?

Answer 17

Specialized pili (antigenic variation)
Capsule
IgA protease

Question 18

How do you treat gonorrhea?

Answer 18

Ceftriaxone (+ doxycycline for concurrent chlamydia infections)

Question 19

How do you treat infants born to mothers with gonorrhea?

Answer 19

Prophylactic erythromycin eye drops

Question 20

How is N. meningitidis different from N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 20

Mening: Capsule, oxidizes both glucose and maltose
Gon: No capsule, only oxidizes glucose

Question 21

What media is used to grow N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 21

Thayer-Martin Media (super specific)

Question 22

What does a systemic infection of N. gon look like?

Answer 22

Septic arthritis

Question 23

What are complications of N. gon if left untreated?

Answer 23

PID
Ectopic pregnancy
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome

Question 24

What types of cells do N. gonorrhoeae preferentially kill?

Answer 24

Ciliated cells

Question 25

What STD’s can cause painful ulcers?

Answer 25

Haemophilus ducreyi

HSV-2

Question 26

What STD’s can cause painless ulcers?

Answer 26

Klebsiella granulomatosis
Chlamydia trachomatis
treponema pallidum

Question 27

What effects can herpes have on a neonate?

Answer 27

Blindness, disseminated herpes infection

Question 28

How do you treat herpes?

Answer 28

Acyclovir (not cure)

Question 29

What smears are often used to look for herpes? What is often seen?

Answer 29

Tzanck smear, Pap smear

Giant multinucleated cells

Question 30

What enzyme does acyclovir inhibit? What activates it?

Answer 30

Inhibits: DNA polymerase
Activates: Viral thymidine kinase

Question 31

What is gancyclovir used for?

Answer 31

Beta herpesviruses

Question 32

What STI’s cause white-gray very malodorous discharge from the vagina?

Answer 32

Gardnerella

Mobiluncus

Question 33

What STI’s cause itchy, white clumped discharge from the vagina?

Answer 33

Candida albicans

Question 34

What STI’s cause itch, yellowish discharge?

Answer 34

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 35

What are clue cells?

Answer 35

Cells from vagina covered with microorganisms

Question 36

What do trichomonas vaginalis look like?

Answer 36

Large, motile organisms with 5 flagella

Question 37

What are infants born to women with trichomonas vaginalis susceptible to?

Answer 37

Premature labor, low birth weight

Question 38

What is the drug of choice for treating Trichomonas vaginalis?

Answer 38

Metronidazole