STDs Flashcards
Treatment for chlamydia infection
Axithromycin (po one dose) or doxycycline (oral 7 days); ceftriaxone for possible gonorrheal coinfection
Complications of chlamydia infection
Epididymitis and prostatitis in men. PID, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, ectopic pregnancy, Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, infertility (due to scarring)
Gram (-) diploccocal intracellular organism causing STD
Neisseria gonorrhea
Treatment for gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone (IM, one does); azithromycin or doxycycline for possible chlamydia coinfection
Utility of viral load in HIV infections
Assess the effectiveness of the anti-retroviral treatment; if >50, may need to adjust meds
Leading cause of death in AIDS patients
PCP infection
When do PCP infections occur
When CD4 count <200
Treatment for PCP infection
TMP-SMX po or IV for 3 weeks
PCP prophylaxis
po TMP-SMX 1 dose daily
Increased risk of CMV or MAC pulmonary infections in AIDS pts when?
CD4 <50
AIDS pt has HA, fever, AMS, contrast-enhanced lesions on MRI
Toxoplasmosis infection
Diagnosing cryptococcal meningitis
CSF has cryptococcal antigen, or staining w/ India ink
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis
AMphotericin B for 10-14 days, followed by 8-10 weeks of oral fluconazole. Lifelong maintenance therapy with fluconazole
Most common GI complaint in AIDs patients
Diarrhea (multiple causes)
Oral hairy leukoplakia in AIDS associated with what?
EBV
Most common cause of dysphagia in AIDS patients
Esophageal candidiasis
Painless, raised brown-black or purple papules in AIDS patients
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Unilateral vision loss in AIDS patient
CMV retinitis
Treating CMV infection in AIDS patient
Gancyclovir or foscarnet
HIV related malignancies
Kaposi’s sarcoma, NHL, primary CNS lymphoma
HAART therapy includes what?
Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and either a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or a protease inhibitor
Most accurate way to diagnose PCP infection
Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage
When should you start prophylactic therapy for MAC in AIDS pts and what do you use
CD4 count<100. Use clarithromycin and azithromycin
When should you start prophylactic therapy for toxoplasmosis in AIDS pts and what do you use
CD4 count <100, TMP-SMX
