STB & Hypervolemic Shock

Question 1

What is the first step to control life-threatening bleeding?

Answer 1

Scene Safety put on your gloves, mask, etc follow BSI. Call 911 if you are able to and follow instructions

Question 2

About how much blood loss is considered life-threatening bleeding?

Answer 2

continuous, large volume, pulsatile, like a sprinkler, or is enough to pool in clothing or on the ground.

Question 3

When controlling external bleeding, what does ABC stand for?

Answer 3

ABC stands for Alert, Bleeding, Compress

Question 4

How do you extinguish arterial, venous, and capillary bleeding?

Answer 4

Arterial - Spurting blood, pulsating flow, bright red color
Venous - Steady, slow flow
Capillary - Slow, even flow,bright red

Question 5

What are the guidelines to apply a tourniquet?

Answer 5

Apply 2 to 3 inches above the wound
Do not place over the elbow or knee
Tighten tourniquet until bleeding stops
Do NOT remove the tourniquet

Question 6

What are the different parts of a tourniquet?

Answer 6

The buckle and stick-like part

Question 7

What is hemostatic gauze?

Answer 7

For packing wounds

Question 8

What are your first 2 steps in responding to an emergency, no matter what type of emergency?

Answer 8

Call 911 and follow BSI

Question 9

After calling 911, what is your next step to control external bleeding?

Answer 9

Follow the instructions the operator gives. See what type of bleeding and see It’s life-threatening. Apply pressure, packing, or tourniquet.

Question 10

Describe the importance of the cardiovascular system.

Answer 10

has heart and blood vessels that distribute nutrients. Blood needs oxygen, without it, you go into shock.

Question 11

How do the lungs play a role in the cardiovascular system?

Answer 11

deoxygenated blood needs oxygen to give to tissues

Question 12

Describe Personal Protective Equipment. List 5 examples of when they should be used.

Answer 12

Gloves - Protect from germs and reduce the spread
Gowns - Protect from contamination and reduce the spread of germs
Eye Protection - protects eyes from blood and other fluids
Masks - protect from infectious agents and prevent the spread of germs
Face shield - protect the entire face from bodily fluids.

Question 13

What are standard precautions?

Answer 13

PPE is standard precautions when you think you could be exposed to any bodily fluids.

Question 14

Who is OSHA?

Answer 14

Occupational Safety and Health Administration- provides free safety and health assistance.

Question 15

What guidelines should be followed when treating any wound?

Answer 15

Identify if it’s life-threatening, call 911. Make sure you are safe.

Question 16

Why is shock a precursor to death?

Answer 16

Decreased blood volume from an injury, Without enough blood in the system, blood pressure decrease.

Question 17

How do you care for someone who you may think is experiencing shock?

Answer 17

Lay them down, elevate extremities, legs about 12 inches, and keep them warm.

Question 18

List 10 signs and symptoms of shock.

Answer 18

blue lips and fingernails, rapid breathing, dull eyes w/ dilated pupils, dizziness, confusion, chest pain, loss of consciousness, low blood pressure, rapid heart rate,
weak/ rapid pulse

Question 19

What are the steps to control severe bleeding if you have hemostatic gauze and a tourniquet available?

Answer 19

Follow BSI and scene safety. No gloves, make sure you wash your hands well. Call 911 if you can. Pack the wound(s) and use a tourniquet. Keep it on and tighten until bleeding stops.

Question 20

What are the steps to control severe bleeding and you only have gloves and gauze available?

Answer 20

BSI, scene safety, 911. Put your gloves on. Pack the wound and use pressure to slow and potentially stop bleeding.

Question 21

What information do you need to give to 911?

Answer 21

Location, what happened, when did this happen, life-threatening? What you have to help.

Question 22

You are an ATC and are working a college track meet and there is an injury at the javelin throw. As you arrive on the scene, you see a person laying on the ground out in the field. When you approach, you see that this athlete has been impaled by the javelin in the back of her calf. The javelin removed itself from her leg as a result of her falling from the injury. The wound is flowing heavily with dark red blood. What are your steps to control the bleeding? What other medical emergency is also a concern with severe bleeding?

Answer 22

They are suffering capillary bleeding. To control, get them aside and start BSI and calling 911 if you can. Follow 911 instructions. Pack wound and use tourniquet if needed. Make sure they are laid down and warm so they don’t suffer shock. Wait until 911 comes.